Malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Serengeti

Serengeti National Park (The Endless Plain)

Kukula kwa National Park ya Serengeti: 14,763 sq km (5,700 sq mi)
Serengeti National Park Yakhazikitsidwa: 1951 - idakhala malo a UNESCO World Heritage Site mu 1981
Distance Serengeti National Park Distance from Arusha City: Makilomita 335 (208 miles)

Mfundo:

Malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Serengeti ndi malo a World Heritage Site odzaza ndi nyama zakuthengo: anyani opitilira 2 miliyoni, mikango 4000, akambuku 1000, akambuku 550, ndi mitundu 500 ya mbalame amakhala kudera loyandikira masikweya kilomita 15,000 kukula kwake. Lowani nafe paulendo ndikuwona zigwa zosatha za Serengeti zomwe zili ndi mitengo ndi kopjes komwe mikango yayikulu imalamulira ufumu wawo; yang'anani Kusamuka Kwakukulu mwamantha kapena kupeza nyalugwe wosawoneka m'nkhalango yamtsinje. Kapena mungawone chilichonse kuchokera m'maso mwa mbalame ndikuwuluka m'zigwa dzuwa likamatuluka panthawi yotentha ya balloon safari. Zosankha za malo ogona zimabwera pamitengo iliyonse - kumveka kwa mikango yobangula usiku ndikosangalatsa.

Serengeti ili kumpoto kwa dzikolo ndipo imagawana malire ake kumpoto ndi Kenyan Masai Mara Game Reserve ndi malire ake akumwera ndi Ngorongoro Conservation Area.

Serengeti ndiyenera kuwona kwa aliyense amene akufuna kupita ku safari chifukwa pakiyi ili pamodzi ndi Maasai Mara ku Kenya malo okhawo oteteza zachilengedwe ku Africa komwe mumatha kuwona kusamuka kwa mbidzi zana limodzi pachaka ndi ma gnus oposa miliyoni. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala ndi nyama zopitirira mamiliyoni atatu, pakiyi ilinso ndi malo osiyanasiyana.

Nyumbu miliyoni imodzi… iliyonse moyendetsedwa ndi kamvekedwe kakale kofananako, ikukwaniritsa gawo lake lachibadwa m’nyengo yosathawika ya moyo: kumenyana kosokoneka kwa milungu itatu kwa kugonjetsa madera ndi kukweretsa; kupulumuka kwamphamvu kwambiri ngati mizati yayitali ya 40km (25 miles) imalowa m'madzi odzaza ndi ng'ona paulendo wapachaka wakumpoto; kubwezeretsanso zamoyozo pakuphulika kwachidule kwa anthu komwe kumatulutsa ana a ng'ombe opitilira 8,000 tsiku lililonse ulendo wapaulendo wamakilomita 1,000 (600 miles) usanayambe.

Pamene mukuyendetsa masewera m'zigwa zotchuka za kum'mwera mudzatengeka ndi nyanja zosatha za udzu. Mitengo ya m'derali imangowonekera pafupi ndi miyala ya granite yotchedwa kopjes. Ma kopjes amenewa ndi kwawo kwa ma rock hyraxes othamanga koma aulesi komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokwawa monga agama a agama ndi njoka. Kupatula apo, miyalayi ndi malo abwino kwambiri opumirapo mikango, akambuku, ndi akalulu. Amphaka amawoneka kuti amakonda kopjes chifukwa amakhala malo abwino owonera nyama zomwe angathe kupha komanso amapereka mthunzi wofunika kwambiri pa kutentha kwa dzuwa la ku Africa ndipo amapereka malo ogona kwa ana awo. Makopje onse amatchulidwa ndipo omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi Simba, Gol, Research, ndi Moru kopjes.

Chigwa cha Seronera ndi mtima wa pakiyo, ndipo pano zomera zikusintha zimapanga zigwa za mthethe, kumene mikango ndi akambuku nthawi zambiri amawonedwa. Magombe a Mtsinje wa Seronera ali ndi mitengo ya kanjedza yobiriwira, mitengo ya soseji, ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya yellow fever. Kudera lozungulira mtsinjewu kuli chipwirikiti ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame ndi magulu akuluakulu a akhwawa amutu wakuda, adokowe, ndi mbalame zosiyanasiyana zodya nyama. Dziwe la Mvuu la Retina limapezekanso m'chigawo cha Seronera ndipo ndipamene mungawone bwino zimphona zofatsazi m'malo awo achilengedwe.

Kupitilira apo, ku Western Corridor, zomera zimasinthanso. Derali makamaka lili ndi dambo, nkhalango za savannah, zodziwika ndi dothi lakuda la thonje lomwe silidutsa m'nyengo yamvula. Mitsinje iwiri ikuluikulu ya m’derali, Grumeti ndi Mbalageti yonse imadutsa m’nyanja ya Victoria kumadzulo. Mtsinje wa Grumeti ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha ng’ona zazikulu zomwe zimasangalala kuwotcha padzuwa masana pamene nkhalango ya m’mphepete mwa mitsinje yozungulira derali muli anyani osowa kwambiri a patas.

Mbali yakumpoto ya pakiyi ili makamaka ndi nkhalango zotseguka, nkhalango za m’mitsinje, ndi mapiri. Ndiko kumpoto komwe kumayenda Mtsinje waukulu wa Mara ndipo ndi mtsinjewu, makamaka, nyama zonse zosamuka zimaopa kuwoloka ngati ng'ona zokhala ndi kukula mpaka 5 m pansi pamadzi. Kumpoto kwa Serengeti kumakhala kocheperako kawirikawiri ndi alendo, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala malo abwino kwambiri odziwa zambiri za safari.

Ku Serengeti kuli nyama zambiri zomwe zimasamuka m'chilengedwe. Nyumbu zoposa 1.5 miliyoni zandevu zoyera ndi mbidzi 250,000 zikutenga nawo mbali paulendo wa makilomita 1000 wofunafuna msipu wobiriwira. Paulendo wawo wopita kumalo odyetserako ziweto olemera, ayenera kuthana ndi chopinga choopsa kwambiri paulendowu, Mtsinje wa Mara, wotchuka chifukwa cha zokwawa zazikulu zakale, ng’ona.
Kupatula pa kusamuka kwa chaka ndi chaka, Serengeti ilinso ndi “zazikulu zisanu” - mkango, njovu, njati, chipembere, ndi nyalugwe ndipo akuti Serengeti ili ndi mikango yambiri kuposa kulikonse mu Africa. Akambuku amakonda kuwonedwa ali omasuka pamene gulu lalikulu la njovu ndi njati zimadya msipu. Ngakhale kuti pakiyi palinso zipembere zakuda zochepa kwambiri, sizioneka kawirikawiri chifukwa zimakonda kubisala m’madera ankhalango.
Koma si nyama zoyamwitsa zokha zimene zimakhala kuno mitundu yoposa 500 ya mbalame kuphatikizapo nthiwatiwa, mbalame zolembera, miimba ndi ziwombankhanga zamitundumitundu, atsekwe a Aigupto, atsekwe amutu wakuda, nkhanu zovekedwa korona, ma Kori bustards, ndi zina zambiri. Serengeti National Park.

ZIGAWO PA SERENGETI NATIONAL PARK

Chipata cha Naabi

Chipata cha Naabi chili kum'mawa kwa Serengeti National Park ndipo ndi imodzi mwa zipata zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chipatachi chili pamtunda wa makilomita ochepa kuchokera kumalire a kum'mawa kwa Serengeti ndi Ngorongoro Crater, pamwamba pa mapiri amodzi okha m'derali ndi malingaliro odabwitsa a zigwa zopanda malire. Chipata cha Naabi ndi malo oyendera omwe amakhala ndi maofesi a TANAPA ndi a NCAA. Pachipata, mukhoza kulipira ndi kupeza zilolezo ku Serengeti National Park ndi Ngorongoro Crater, ndipo imakhala ngati khomo ndi poyambira malo onsewa.
Zina mwazinthu zomwe zili pachipatacho ndi malo ogulitsira khofi, ndi shopu yanthawi zonse yokhala ndi zikumbutso, mamapu, ndi chakudya.

Chipata cha Naabi chili pamtunda wa ola limodzi kuchokera kudera la Seronera komanso mphindi 1 30 kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Ndutu ndi Museum ya Olduvai Gorge. Malo abwino kwambiri ogona pafupi ndi chipata ichi ndi monga Naabi Private Camp, Namiri Plains Camp, Serengeti Serena Safari Lodge, Asanja Africa, Lake Ndutu Luxury Tented Lodge, ndi Ngorongoro Wild Camp pakati pa ena.

Fort Ikoma Gate

Fort Ikoma Gate ndi amodzi mwa zipata zolowera ndikutuluka ku Serengeti National Park. Ili pamalire a kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa paki, makilomita ochepa kumwera kwa malo olowera ku Grumeti Game Reserve ndi Robanda. Pakhomo pali ofesi ya chitetezo, masitolo, zimbudzi, ndi TANAPA maofesi oyang'anira, komwe alendo amatha kulipira ndalama zawo zolowera kumalo osungirako malo. Malipiro pachipata cha Fort Ikoma amachitidwa pakompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito makhadi akubanki ndi angongole omwe amavomerezedwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Dera la Seronera ndi ulendo wa ola limodzi lokha popita kuchipata, Butiama ndi ulendo wa maola awiri kukafika pachipata ndipo Mwanza ndi maola 4 mpaka 5 kufika pachipata. Malo abwino kwambiri ogona pafupi ndi Fort Ikoma Gate akuphatikizapo Ikoma Tented Camp, Ikoma Wild Camp, Osinon Camp, Grumeti Migration Camp, ndi Mapito Tented Camp.

Chipata cha Klein

Klein's Gate ili kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Serengeti National Park, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anthu ochokera ku Loliondo Loliondo komwe kumayang'aniridwa ndi Amasai. Alendo odzaona malo oyendera ndege a Lobo ndi bwalo la ndege la Klein's Camp akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chipata cha Klein kuti alowe kupaki. Malo abwino kwambiri ogona ali pafupi ndi And Beyond Klein's Camp, Buffalo Luxury Camp, Sayari Camp, Taasa Lodge, ndi Africa Safari Serengeti Bolongoja.

Ndabaka Gate

Chipata cha Ndabaka chili kumadzulo kwa pakiyi, m’mphepete mwa msewu waukulu wa Musoma-Mwanza. Ndilo chipata chomwe chimakonda komanso chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi chifukwa chakuyandikira kwa Mwanza. Chipata cha Ndabaka chili pafupi ndi nyanja ya Victoria, pafupifupi 2 hours drive kumpoto kwa Mwanza ku Tanzania kumpoto chakumadzulo, ndipo pafupi ndi Seronera, pafupifupi 2 hours drive kum'mawa kwa Mwanza. Alendo odzaona malo amatha kulipira ndalama zolowera m'mapaki pogwiritsa ntchito makhadi a kirediti kadi omwe amavomerezedwa padziko lonse lapansi. Malo abwino kwambiri ogona pafupi ndi Chipata cha Ndabaka akuphatikizapo Ndabaka Campsite, Little Okavango Camp, ndi Speke Bay Lodge pakati pa ena.

Chipata cha Bologonja.

Chipata cha Bologonja chili kumalire a kumpoto kwa Serengeti National Park ndi Masai Mara National Reserve, kumwera kwa malire a Kenya-Tanzania. Chipata cha Bologonja ndicho chipata chokha chakumpoto chomwe chili ndi mpanda wa alonda, ndipo chili m’dera lomwe lili ndi akasupe ochepa a pansi pa nthaka amene amapita ku mitsinje.
Chipata cha Bologonja chimagwira ntchito ngati polowera komanso poyambira, ndipo chimakhalanso ngati malo odziwitsira anthu, malo opumirako kumadzulo kwa Kogatende, komanso polowera ku Masai Mara National Reserve. Malo abwino kwambiri ogona pafupi ndi chipata cha Bologonja akuphatikizapo Angata Migration Camp, Lemala Mara River Camp, ndi Taasa Lodge pakati pa ena.

Handajega Gate

Serengeti National Park Natural Zokopa

SAFARI YAKUSAMUKA KWAMBIRI
The Great Wildebeest Migration in Africa - yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Gnu Migration, Serengeti Migration ndi Masai Mara Migration - ndi imodzi mwa mayendedwe omaliza a nyama zakutchire omwe atsala padziko lapansi. Ndicho chifukwa chachikulu chomwe apaulendo ambiri amapita ku Kenya ndi Tanzania ku Migration safari, makamaka chapakati pa chaka.

Kusamuka ndi chimodzi mwazodabwitsa kwambiri m'chilengedwe: nthawi ndi yofunika, koma palibe njira yodziwira nthawi yomwe nyama zimayenda. Tikudziwa kuti nyumbu (ndi kugunda kwa mbidzi ndi antelope) zidzawoloka mtsinje wa Mara - koma palibe amene akudziwa kuti ndi liti. Tikudziwanso kuti mvula imayambitsa nyumbu kuti ziyambe kudyetsa kumene - koma palibe amene akudziwa nthawi yomwe mvula idzagwe.

Mwamwayi, takhala tikukonzekera safaris ya Wildebeest Migration ku Africa kuyambira 1998. Tathandiza zikwizikwi za apaulendo kukhala pamalo abwino kwambiri panthawi yabwino kwambiri pamtengo wabwino kwambiri. Ngati mukuyang'ana malangizo a akatswiri okonzekera, musayang'anenso. Tapanga maupangiri athu onse akatswiri mu kalozera wothandiza wa ulendo wa Wildebeest Migration…

Kodi Kusamuka Kwakukulu Kumagwira Ntchito Motani?

Kodi Kuwoloka kwa Mitsinje Kunganenedweratu?

Ayi, ngakhale nyumbu sizikudziwa kuti zidzawoloka liti! Ena amafika pamadzi n’kusambira nthawi yomweyo; ena amafika n’kumakhala masiku ambiri akugona msipu; ena amafika n’kubwerera kumene anachokera. Timalakalaka tikananeneratu zowoloka, koma palibe amene angatero. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndibwino kukhala ndi nthawi yochuluka pa safari ngati mukuyembekeza kuwona mtsinje mukuwoloka.

Kodi Nyumbu Imasamuka Mwezi Wotani?
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti Kusamuka kwa Nyumbu kumachitika pakati pa Julayi ndi Okutobala, koma ndikusamuka kosasunthika, kozungulira komwe kumakhala ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana koma zosangalatsa zomwe zimachitika chaka chonse. Kuwoloka kwa mitsinje kotchuka kaŵirikaŵiri kumagwirizana ndi nyengo yokwera ya safari (June mpaka October), chotero lingaliro lakuti ino ndi nthaŵi yokha ya chaka imene nyumbu imayenda kapena kuwonedwa.

Kodi Kusamuka Kwakukulu Kumayambira Kuti?
Chifukwa Kusamuka Kwakukulu ndikuyenda kwamadzi, chaka chonse kwa nyama pafupifupi mamiliyoni awiri kudutsa chilengedwe cha Serengeti-Mara, palibe poyambira kapena pomaliza. Kusamuka kwa Gnu kumabwera chifukwa cha mvula yakum'mawa kwa Africa ndipo nyamazi zimatsata njira yakale kwambiri pofunafuna msipu ndi madzi. Ulendo wochititsa chidwi umenewu umadutsa nyumbu kudutsa zigwa za Masai Mara ku Kenya, mpaka kum’mwera mpaka ku Serengeti ya ku Tanzania ndi m’mphepete mwa chigwa cha Ngorongoro, isanayende mozungulira koloko.

N'chifukwa Chiyani Nyumbu Zisamuka?
Amakhulupirira kuti Kusamuka Kwakukulu mu Afirika kumadalira makamaka mmene nyumbu zimachitira ndi nyengo. Amasuntha pambuyo pa mvula ndi kukula kwa udzu watsopano, makamaka potsatira nzeru zachibadwa kuti apeze chakudya kuti akhalebe ndi moyo. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti nyumbu imayamba chifukwa cha mphezi ndi mabingu akutali, koma palibe umboni wa sayansi wotsimikizira zimenezi.

Kodi Chimachitika Liti?
Kuwonongeka kwa Mwezi ndi Mwezi kwa Kusamuka Kwakukulu

Ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, nyengo zamvula zazitali komanso zazifupi ku Tanzania ndi Kenya sizikhalanso zanthawi zonse kapena zodziwikiratu monga zinalili kale. Mvula imatha kuchedwa kapena koyambirira, zomwe zingatayitse kalendala yonse ya nyumbu. Ichi ndi, kachiwiri, chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kukonzekera nthawi yochuluka pa safari momwe mungathere. Simungawuluke kwa mausiku awiri, kuwona mtsinje ndikuwoloka ndikuwulukanso - chilengedwe sichigwira ntchito motero.

Ichi ndi chitsogozo chodziwika bwino cha komwe ziweto zili mkati mwa chaka - pokumbukira kuti Kusamuka konse kwa Gnu kumayambika ndi mvula, yomwe imatha kuyambika, mochedwa kapena nthawi yake:

January

Ng’ombezi zili ku Serengeti National Park ku Tanzania, zikuyenda chakum’mwera kuchokera kumpoto chakum’mawa mpaka kufupi ndi nyanja ya Ndutu. Serengeti ilibe mpanda, choncho ng’ombezo zimamasuka kupita kumene zingapeze msipu. Kumbukirani kuti ngakhale kuti nyumbu, mbidzi ndi antelope mpaka mamiliyoni aŵiri ochokera ku Serengeti Migration, siziri m’gulu limodzi. Zinyama zimagawanika kukhala magulu a anthu zikwizikwi kapena mazana a anthu panthawi imodzi.

February mpaka March

Ndi nyengo yoberekera (ana nyumbu oposa 8,000 amabadwa tsiku lililonse!) choncho konzekerani kukumana ndi ana a ng'ombe ambiri omwe akunjenjemera ... komanso kusweka mtima pamene zilombo zowopsa zikubwera. ankhandwe, gulu la agalu am’tchire, ndi mafuko a afisi amawonjezera chidwi. Ndi balladi wowawa; bwalo la moyo limaseweredwa ngati sewero lochitapo kanthu.

Ngati nyengo yamvula yochepa (Nov–Dec) ibala msipu wabwino, ng’ombezo zimadya mwaukali ndipo zimakhala m’zigwa za kum’mwera kwa Serengeti mpaka zikayamba kusamukira kumadzulo pang’onopang’ono mu March.

April

Ndikumayambiriro kwa mvula yayitali (Epr–May) ndipo zoweta nthawi zambiri zimapita kumpoto chakumadzulo kupita ku Moru ndi Simba Kopjes. Nyengo yodzaza ndi zochita za rutting (kuswana) yatsala pang'ono kutha, yomwe ili ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi a testosterone pakati pa amuna omwe akupikisana kuti apeze ufulu wogonana ndi akazi omvera.

mulole

Ngolo zoyenda! Ziweto zaunyinji zili paulendo, mizati ikuluikulu yautali wa makilomita 40 (makilomita 25) nthaŵi zina ingaoneke ngati nyumbu m’katikati mwa Serengeti. Aliyense akuyenda msangamsanga popeza ana a ng'ombe alimba.

June

Nyumbu nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakatikati pa Serengeti ndipo zikukonzekera gawo lolimba kwambiri la odyssey yawo. N’kutheka kuti ng’ombezo zinagawanika, ndipo zina zadutsa kale mtsinje wa Grumeti.

July

Kusamuka Kwakukulu kwafika kudera la Grumeti ndi kumpoto kwa Serengeti ndipo akuyang'anitsitsa madzi achinyengo a Mtsinje wa Mara kuti awoloke ku Kenya. Chifukwa chiyani? ng'ona zazikulu za Nile, chifukwa chake!

Monga tanenera, n'zosatheka kulosera molondola kuwoloka kwa mitsinje - zimadalira mvula ndi nyumbu zomwe nthawi zambiri sizidziwikiratu. Ndikofunika kusungitsa ulendo wanu wa Wildebeest Migration ku Africa kwatsala chaka chimodzi kuti mukapeze malo ogona pafupi kapena pafupi ndi mtsinje momwe mungathere - izi zimachepetsa nthawi yoyenda kuti mupite kumalo ochezera. Nyumbu zili ndi madera akale omwe amadutsamo ndipo mutha kukhala masiku ali pachiwopsezo kuti muwone zomwe zikuchitika. Tikupangira kusankha kampu ya safari yoyenda yomwe imayenda ndi Migration kuti muwonetsetse kuti muli pamalo oyenera panthawi yoyenera.

August

August amaonedwa kuti ndiyo nthaŵi yabwino kwambiri yochitira umboni kuwoloka mitsinje kochititsa chidwi kuchokera kumpoto kwa Serengeti kukafika ku Masai Mara. Mufunika pasipoti kuti muwoloke ku Kenya; nyumbu zilibe kanthu. Masai Mara National Reserve ndi otseguka kwa anthu onse kuti azitha kudziwa zambiri za safari, atsogolere mabungwe azinsinsi omwe amagwirizana ndi malo osungira.

September

Ng’ombezo zimagaŵikana m’magulu ang’onoang’ono, chifukwa si nyumbu zonse zomwe zimasamukira ku Kenya. Zosakwana theka la nyama zatsala kumpoto kwa Serengeti, zotsalazo zikusinthanitsa nkhani zankhondo ku Masai Mara. Chifukwa chake, mumatha kuwona nyumbu ku Serengeti (osati ng'ombe zazikulu) koma monga lamulo, Masai Mara ndiye malo abwino kwambiri owonera kusamukako mu Seputembala.

October

Kubetcha kwanu kopambana ndi Masai Mara, koma dziwani kuti ndi malo ochepa kwambiri kuposa Serengeti ndipo pakhoza kukhala alendo ena ambiri. Malo osungira anthu oyandikana nawo amakhala ochepa kwambiri ndipo, sikuti mudzatha kuchitira umboni za kusamuka, komanso muthandizira mwachindunji kumadera a Maasai omwe akhala kumeneko kwa zaka masauzande ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kusangalala ndikuwona masewera osasewerera pamsewu, ma drive ausiku ndi ma safaris oyenda - zochitika zosaloledwa m'malo osungirako zachilengedwe.

November

‘M’chaka chozoloŵereka,’ mvula yaifupi yayamba, kusonkhezera nyumbu kuchoka m’malo odyetserako udzu tsopano a Masai Mara ndi kubwerera ku Serengeti yokonzedwanso. Kumbukirani kuti mvula imatha kuchedwa kapena msanga, zomwenso sizingadziwike.

Nthawi zambiri ng'ombe zimayenda koma zimatha kuwoneka kuzungulira kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Serengeti komwe zingagawike m'magulu ang'onoang'ono paulendo wawo wakumwera.

Langizo: Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti Africa ndi malo otentha, mvula imatha kuziziritsa kwambiri. Mudzakhala mutatuluka m'mawa kwambiri komanso madzulo - dzuŵa limakhala lofooka kwambiri panthawizi. Tengani thalauza limodzi, nsapato zotsekedwa zomwe zimatha kupirira matope, ndi ubweya kapena jekete losalowa madzi.

December

Kudyetsedwa kumene kumaona nyumbu zikupita kum’mwera, ndipo zikuta Serengeti kumpoto ndi kum’mawa kukachita phwando ndi kukonzekera ulendo wina wowopsa, wa 3,000-km (1 900-mi) odyssey.

Nthawi ndi nthawi

Kuyenda pachaka kwa nyumbu ndi nyama zina zodya udzu kudera la Serengeti-Mara sikufanana kawirikawiri potengera nthawi komanso komwe akupita.

Nthawi Yabwino Kwambiri
Ndi Nthawi Yabwino Iti Yopita pa Migration Safari?

Tsopano popeza mukudziwa momwe Kusamuka Kwakukulu kwa Nyumbu ku Africa kumagwirira ntchito, mutha kuwona mosavuta kuti nthawi yabwino yopita imadalira pazochitika zomwe mukufuna kuziwona. Kumbukirani, nyama zakuthengo za Serengeti ndi Masai Mara zambiri komanso malo otseguka zimawapangitsa kukhala malo osangalatsa a chaka chonse.

Chochitika Pafupifupi Nthawi Yamalo
Kuberekera (Kubadwa) Nyengo ya February mpaka Marichi Kumwera kwa Serengeti
Rutting (Kuswana) Nyengo Epulo mpaka May Western & Central Serengeti
Kuwoloka Mtsinje wa Grumeti May mpaka June Central Serengeti
Mtsinje wa Mara Kuwoloka July mpaka August Northern Serengeti & Masai Mara
Pa Kusuntha November mpaka Januwale Masai Mara & Northern Serengeti kupita Kumwera kwa Serengeti
Zindikirani: zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi masiku oyerekezera okha. Kusamuka kwa Nyumbu ndi ulendo wa chaka chonse, wozungulira ndipo kuwoloka kwa mitsinje sikungadziwike. Nthawi zina ng’ombezo zimakhala kwa milungu iwiri, ndipo nthawi zina zinkadutsa kanayi pa tsiku limodzi!

Mfundo Zofunika Kuzikumbukira

Kuchuluka kwa Migration kumachitika ku Serengeti.

Ndi ulendo wa chaka chonse, wozungulira.

Kuwoloka kwa mitsinje sikunganenedweratu, koma nthawi zambiri kumachitika pakati pa Meyi ndi Ogasiti.

Zinyama zimathamangitsidwa kudera lalikulu - nthawi zonse pamakhala zotsogola komanso zotsogola.

Mwayi wanu wabwino kwambiri wowoloka mtsinje ungaphatikizepo kukhala tsiku lonse pamalo pomwe nyumbu zaunjikana. Ngati ndinu wojambula waluso, mwayi wanu wabwino ukhoza kuchitika masana pomwe dzuwa ndi kunyezimira kuli kowopsa, choncho konzekerani kutengera izi.

Geology ya Serengeti National Park
Malo achilengedwe a Serengeti ndi mbali ya mapiri a ku East Africa. Imatsetsereka kuchokera kumadera ake okwera kwambiri kumapiri a crater (okwera mamita 3,636) kulowera ku Speke Gulf pa Nyanja ya Victoria (mamita 920 pamwamba pa nyanja).

Mapiri amabwera chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa mapiri okhudzana ndi ma platetectonics a Rift Valley. Derali lidakali ndi phiri limodzi lophulika lophulika: Ol Doinyo Lengai, kutanthauza 'phiri la Mulungu' m'chinenero cha Maaa. Phunzirani zonse za geology ya Serengeti patsamba lino.

Mitsinje ku Serengeti

Zigwa za Serengeti zili pamalo okwera pakati pa 1,600 ndi 1,800 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Mitsinje ingapo imakhetsa derali. Mtsinje wa Mara kumpoto umayenda kuchokera ku nkhalango za Mau kumapiri a Kenya, kum’mwera kudutsa Masai Mara National Reserve, kenako kumadzulo kudutsa kumpoto kwa Serengeti, kudutsa m’madambo aakulu a Masarua, ndipo pomalizira pake ku Lake Victoria ku Musoma. Uwu ndiye mtsinje wokhawo womwe ukuyenda mpaka kalekale m'chilengedwe cha Serengeti. Imathandizira nkhalango zowirira za mitsinje m'mphepete mwa Mara komanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yake yayikulu ku Serengeti National Park. Kum'mwera kwa Mara kuli malo otsetsereka a mitsinje ya Grumeti ndi Mbalaget yomwe imapanga Western Corridor ya Serengeti National Park. Kum'mweranso kuli mitsinje yaing'ono kwambiri ya Duma, Simiyu ndi Semu yomwe imayenda kudutsa Maswa Game Reserve. Derali ndi lophwasuka komanso lophwanyidwa ndi timitsinje tating'onoting'ono tanyengo tomwe timalowa m'mitsinje ikuluikulu.

Mapiri & mapiri

Pali magulu a mapiri omwe amakwera kwambiri kuchokera kudera lathyathyathya ili. Gulu limodzi limapanga malire a kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Serengeti National Park m'nkhalango, kulowera kumpoto kuchokera ku Grumechen kupita ku Kuko, kenako ndikulumikizana ndi mapiri a Loita ku Kenya. Mapiri a Gol amachokera ku zigwa za Serengeti kummawa kwa paki. Gulu lina limachokera ku Seronera kumadzulo m'mphepete mwa msewu kuti apange Central Ranges, ndipo gulu lachitatu la mapiri liri kum'mwera ndikupanga phiri la Nyaraboro-Itonjo.

Dothi & mbiri ya chiphalaphala

Kumadzulo kwa mzere wa Mugumu - Seronera miyala yomwe ili pansi pake ndi yakale (zaka 600 miliyoni mpaka 2.5 biliyoni) ndipo imakhala ndi miyala ya mapiri a Precambrian, miyala yachitsulo yomangidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Miyala yochedwa Precambrian sedimentary imaphimba chishango ichi ndikupanga mapiri apakati ndi akumwera. Kum'mawa kwa Seronera, granite ndi quartzite amapanga mapiri akum'mawa ndi kopjes. Malo akumadzulo ndi a mbiri yakale yaposachedwapa; ndizovuta zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi mapangidwe a alluvial, zomwe zimapanga maziko a dothi lokhala ndi michere yambiri. Crater Highlands ndi mapiri a m'zaka za Pleistocene ndipo ali ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi basalt. Phiri limodzi lophulika, Ol Doinyo Lengai, lidakalipobe ndi kuphulika komaliza kuyambira 2013.

Africa ndi kontinenti yakale. Umboni ukusonyeza kuti ndi yakale kwambiri ngati zaka 4 biliyoni, wamkulu kuposa Europe kapena North America. Titha kuwona ukalamba uwu kuchokera mumlengalenga (kotero khalani ndi maso owoneka bwino mukafika ku Kilimanjaro Airport). Kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri nyengo ya nyengo yaphwanyika mapiri ndipo yasandutsa mbali yaikulu ya Africa kukhala zigwa zosatha, ndi zitunda. Kupatulapo chimodzi ndi njira yomwe imagwira ntchito ku East African Rift.

East African Rift ndi malo omwe mbale ziwiri za tectonic zikuyenda kutali. Chifukwa cha ming’alu yake yapanga chigwa chachikulu cha Rift Valley ndi mapiri ophulika kumbali zonse za chigwacho. Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya, ndi Mount Meru ndi zina mwa zitsanzo zodziwika bwino za mapiri a Rift. Ngakhale kuti Chigwa cha Ngorongoro chikuwoneka ngati phiri lophulika lomwe latha, kafukufuku wa geology akuwonetsa kuti silinaphulike, komabe, ambiri mwa oyandikana nawo omwe adaphulika. Chigwa cha Ngorongoro ndi caldera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti phirili limadzigwera lokha pamene ma tectonic plates amasiyana.

Mapiri amapiri a East African Rift ndi aang'ono kwambiri. Pamene mapiriwa anaphulika, anaphimba mbali za kum’maŵa kwa Serengeti ndi phulusa ndi tinthu ting’onoting’ono tokulirapo. Phulusa lachiphalaphala limeneli m’zigwa limapanga dothi lodziwika bwino lomwe lili ndi mchere wambiri. Dothi la Eastern plains lili ndi mchere wosiyanasiyana, monga sodium, potaziyamu, ndi calcium. Dothi pano ndi losazama chifukwa cha mapangidwe a calcareous hardpan, omwe amadziwikanso kuti caliche. Mvula ikamagwa m’madera, mchere umakokoloka m’nthaka. Madzi akamachotsedwa ndi kutengedwa kwa zomera, zinthu zosungunukazo zimachulukana ndipo gawo la caliche limakula ndikumanga simenti kudzera mu laimu. Dothi la Serengeti limazama kwambiri (kumene hardpan imasowa) kumapiri a kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi m'nkhalango, chifukwa cha mvula yambiri komanso calcium yochepa. Pamalo a mvula yochuluka kwambiri kuti isapangike pa hardpan, dothi lodziwika bwino limapezeka. Uku ndi kutsetsereka kwa mitundu ya dothi kuchokera pamwamba pa mtunda kupita ku mpope wopopera madzi, womwe umadziwika ndi mchenga, wosazama, nthaka yothira bwino pamwamba pa nthaka yomwe imasandulika kukhala yopanda madzi komanso dothi lakuya pansi. Ma catenas amapangidwa chifukwa cha kutsika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tambiri.

Kope

Pansi pa miyala ndi phulusa zomwe zimaphulika, zomwe zimapanga nthaka ya Serengeti National Park pali thanthwe lachikale kwambiri. Phokoso lalikulu la granite lamadzi linakankhira kukwera kuchokera ku thanthwe losungunuka pansi pa kutumphuka kwa Dziko lapansi ndikupita ku Tanganyika Shield kumapeto kwa Precambrian. Masiku ano, miyala yofewa ikayamba kutha, imaonetsa nsonga yotsetsereka ya granite imeneyi, n’kupanga kopjes (kutchedwa 'kop-eez'). Granite imaphwanyidwa ndi kutenthedwa ndi kuzizira mobwerezabwereza pansi pa dzuwa la ku Africa ndipo imasinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi ndi mphepo. Makopje ambiri amakhala ozungulira kapena okhala ndi miyala yozungulira.

Kopjes ndi mawonekedwe apadera a Serengeti ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa 'zilumba za m'nyanja ya udzu'. Zimapereka chitetezo ku moto wa tchire, zimasungira madzi ochulukirapo pafupi ndi malo enieni, zimapereka malo obisalamo nyama, komanso malo ogona a nyama zolusa. Mitundu yambiri ya zomera imamera ku kopjes, koma osati m'madera ozungulira. Mitundu yambiri ya nyama imakhala pa kopjes kokha chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zomerazi komanso zifukwa zotetezera. Nyama zimenezi ndi tizilombo, abuluzi ndi njoka, komanso nyama zoyamwitsa monga shrews ndi mbewa, mpaka ku nyama zazikulu akatswiri, monga mikango. Kopjes ndi amodzi mwa malo abwino kwambiri owonera mikango, ndipo nthawi zina mbira kapena nyalugwe.

Serengeti kopjes zambiri

Moru kopjes

Tanzania ili ndi malo ochititsa chidwi komanso zodabwitsa zachilengedwe, kuchokera ku Serengeti Plains mpaka ku Kilimanjaro. Pakatikati mwa mwala wamtengo wapatali wa ku East Africa muli chuma chamtengo wapatali chotchedwa Moru Kopjes. Mipangidwe yochititsa chidwi ya miyala imeneyi ndi umboni wa mbiri yochititsa chidwi ya m’derali. Mu positi iyi yabulogu, tiyamba ulendo wopeza zokopa za Moru Kopjes.

Kodi Moru Kopjes ndi chiyani?

Moru Kopjes ndi mndandanda wa miyala ya granite yomwe ili kum'mwera kwa Serengeti National Park ku Tanzania. Liwu lakuti “kopje” limachokera ku liwu lachiafrikaans lotanthauza “kaphiri kakang’ono,” ndipo limafotokoza bwino lomwe mipangidwe yapadera ya nthaka imeneyi. Zokwera kwambiri kuchokera m'zigwa zazikulu za Serengeti, kopjes izi ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri.

Geological Origins

Zoyambira za Moru Kopjes zidayamba zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Ntchito yapang'onopang'ono ndi yoleza mtima ya chilengedwe inapanga mapangidwe odabwitsawa. Kopjes kwenikweni amapangidwa ndi miyala ya granite, yomwe nthawi ina inasungunuka magma pansi pa dziko lapansi. Kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, graniteyo idakhazikika ndikukhazikika, ndipo pamapeto pake idawonekera chifukwa cha kukokoloka.

Kodi Chimapangitsa Moru Kopjes Kukhala Wapadera ndi Chiyani?

Malo Ochititsa Chidwi: Zigwa za Moru zimasiyana kwambiri ndi madera akutchire a Serengeti. Miyala ikuluikulu ya granite imachokera m'zigwa zathyathyathya, ndikupanga mawonekedwe adziko lina. Kuphatikizika kwa zomera zobiriwira ndi kopjes kolimba ndi loto la wojambula.

Wildlife Haven: Ma kopjes amenewa ndi odabwitsa ndipo amakhala ndi nyama zakuthengo zosiyanasiyana. Mikango, akambuku, akalulu, ndi afisi amagwiritsa ntchito kopje ngati malo abwino osaka nyama, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala malo abwino kwambiri kwa okonda nyama zakuthengo.

Kufunika kwa Chikhalidwe: Moru Kopjes ali ndi chikhalidwe chofunikira kwa anthu aku Maasai. Amaona kuti mapangidwewa ndi opatulika ndipo nthawi zambiri amachita miyambo yowazungulira. Kufufuza kopjes kungapereke alendo chidziwitso chozama cha chikhalidwe cha dera.

Kuwona Moru Kopjes

Kuyendera Moru Kopjes ndi ulendo wapadera, pansipa ndi zomwe mungayembekezere mukadzafufuza:

Kukwera Maulendo ndi Kukwera Mwala: Kwa apaulendo okonda kwambiri, kukwera mapiri ndi kukwera miyala ndizochitika zodziwika bwino kuzungulira Kopjes. Mawonedwe a panoramic kuchokera pamwamba ndi odabwitsa.

Kutuluka ndi Kulowa kwa Dzuwa: Musaphonye mwayi wochitira umboni kutuluka kwa dzuwa kapena kulowa kwa dzuwa ku Moru Plains. Kutentha kwa dzuwa motsutsana ndi miyala ya granite kumapanga mlengalenga wamatsenga.

Kutsata Zipembere: Izi zimapereka mwayi wodabwitsa komanso wodzichepetsa kwa iwo omwe akufuna kulumikizana mwakuya ndi chilengedwe komanso mwayi wothandizira kuteteza zamoyo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha. Ndi maupangiri akatswiri komanso malo ochititsa chidwi a Moru, chochitikachi chikuyenera kukusiyirani chizindikiro chosaiwalika ndikukulimbikitsani kuyamikira kwambiri zamoyo zosiyanasiyana za Serengeti. Moru Rhino Center ndi njira yabwino yowonetseranso Black Rhinos yomwe ili pachiwopsezo, ndipo mutha kujowina alonda kuti muwone Black Rhinos pano. Muyenera kupanga kusungitsatu.

Tiyeni tipite ku Moru Kopjes

Moru Kopjes amaima ngati mboni mwakachetechete za mbiri yakale ya dziko lapansi ndipo amagwira ntchito ngati chinsalu chomwe chilengedwe chajambulapo zamoyo. Mapangidwe odziwika bwino awa sali miyala; ndi umboni wa ubale wovuta pakati pa geology, nyama zakuthengo, ndi chikhalidwe chapakati pa Afirika.

Kuwona Moru Kopjes ndi chinthu chosaiwalika, chopereka chithunzithunzi cha dziko losangalatsa la Serengeti lomwe limapitilira kutali ndi mapiri ake otchuka. Kaya ndinu okonda geology, okonda nyama zakuthengo, wojambula zithunzi, kapena wofufuza zachikhalidwe, a Moru Kopjes ali ndi zomwe angapatse aliyense, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala koyenera kuyendera aliyense amene amabwera kumadera akutchire ku Tanzania.

Simba kopjes

Simba Kopjes ndiye makopje aatali kwambiri papaki komanso amasaka mikango nthawi zonse. Ma Simba Kopjes amadzuka ngati alonda akuluakulu pazigwa ndipo, monga dzina limanenera, ndi malo abwino owonera mikango. Kopje yapamwamba kwambiri imatchedwa Soit Naado Murt (mu Maasai, Mwala Wokhala ndi khosi lalitali). Masewera angapo azungulira kopjes ndipo kumwera kuli dziwe laling'ono la mvuu. Kumadzulo kuli nyanja ya Magadi yozama komanso yamchere. Madzi ngati galasi a Nyanja ya Magadi ndi malo abwino kwambiri oti ma flamingo apinki asonkhane.

Gulu la Koppjes kapena mapiri amiyala omwe ali mkati mwa Serengeti National Park - mumsewu wopita ku Seronera kuchokera pachipata cha Naabi Hill. Amakhala ngati kwawo kwa mitundu ingapo ya zomera ndi nyama - malo abwino owonerako nyama makamaka mikango ndi akambuku omwe amakhala kuno masana ambiri.

Zotani kumeneko?

Kuwonera masewera, makamaka mikango - nthawi zambiri dzenje limodzi lomwe limatha kuwonedwa ndikusaka, kapena kutsatira komwe magalimoto ambiri oyendera amalowera. Palinso mitundu ingapo ya mbalame ndi zomera zomwe zingawonedwe m’derali.

Nthawi yabwino yoyendera ndi Nthawi Iliyonse ya chaka, popeza misewu yopitako imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pamvula. Koma miyezi yoyambirira ya chaka ingakhale yabwino kuwonera nyumbu zikusamuka m’zigwa.

Location of Simba kopjes

Simba Kopjes akupezeka mbali zonse za msewu wafumbi kuchokera ku Seronera kupita ku Naabi Hill Gate - gulu lokhalo la mapiri amiyala pamenepo. Kumbali zonse za mzindawo muli zigwa zosatha zimene maso angawone.

Momwe mungachitire kumeneko

Pagalimoto, popeza mabwalo a ndege apafupi ali ku Seronera kapena Nyanja ya Ndutu - zomwe zimafunikira kuyenda kwa ola limodzi kuti mufike ku Kopjes kuchokera kumeneko. Kapenanso, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito galimoto, ndiye kuti malowa ali pafupi theka la ola kuchokera pachipata cha Naabi Hill ndi ola limodzi kuchokera ku Seronera.

Magalimoto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito akhoza kukhala achinsinsi, kubwereketsa, maulendo ndi maulendo osakonda mtundu wa galimoto - bola ngati angakwanitse misewu yotchuka ya Serengeti.

BALOLONI SAFARI KU SERENGETI: KODI NDIKOFUNIKA?
Serengeti ndi chilengedwe chodabwitsa chodziwika bwino pamndandanda wa ndowa za apaulendo. Ndiwodziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama zakuthengo, malo owoneka bwino, ndi nyanja zochititsa chidwi - mwala weniweni wa ku Africa! Kudutsa ma kilomita lalikulu 30,000, pali zambiri zoti muwone ndikuchita kotero kuti zingatenge maulendo angapo kuti muthe kujambula zonse zomwe zingakupatseni pokhapokha mutakhala ndi malo abwino kwambiri - mpweya! Izi ndi zomwe a balloon safari ku Serengeti amapereka ndipo palibe njira yabwinoko kapena yosangalatsa yowonera malo ndi nyama za ku Africa.

Ndizochitika za moyo wonse pamene mutuluka ndi dzuwa ndikuwomba mumlengalenga pang'onopang'ono kulikonse kumene mphepo yam'mawa imakutengerani. Ndi zochitika zodabwitsa pamene mukuwona gulu la nyumbu, nsanja za giraffe, kapena kunyada kwa mikango ikuthamanga kudutsa m'zigwa za Serengeti pamtunda wa mamita ochepa chabe ndipo maso anu akuyang'ana ngodya iliyonse yomwe mungathe, mokondwera ndi adrenalin ndi kupuma kwa " wow” ndi “o” ndi mawu okhawo omwe munganene. Zofunika chifukwa ndi imodzi mwamaulendo omwe mudzakumbukire nthawi zonse.

ZIMACHITITSA BWANJI?
Pali makampani angapo otentha a air balloon safari, komabe ndibwino kusungitsatu ntchito yotchuka iyi patchuthi chanu cha Serengeti safari. Izi sizingakonzedwe patsikulo ndipo chifukwa chodalira nyengo yabwino, siziperekedwa chaka chonse. Mtengo pa munthu aliyense ndi pafupifupi 500 mpaka 600 USD, yomwe imaphimba kukwera, chotupitsa champagne pambuyo potera, ndi chakudya cham'mawa chokoma cham'tchire chokhala ndi zosankha zanyama / osadya masamba.

Mtengowu ukuwonetsa kukwera mtengo kosamalira ndi kukonza mabaluni komanso zina zonse zomwe zidachitika kale komanso pambuyo pokhazikitsa, kuphatikiza kutsegulira ndi kukonzanso, komanso mayendedwe apamsewu kupita ndi kuchokera pamalo otsegulira. Ulendo uliwonse umafunikanso woyendetsa ndege yemwe ali ndi chilolezo komanso gulu lochititsa mantha la anthu pafupifupi 20. Kumbukiraninso kuti, chifukwa kulemera kwa baluni n'kofunika kwambiri pa chitetezo, apaulendo omwe amalemera makilogalamu oposa 120 (mapaundi 265) angafunikire kusunga malo awiri. .

Chifukwa chake, zitha kukhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri kwa bajeti ndi apaulendo wamba, koma ngati zili m'manja mwanu, malingaliro omwe mungamve mukakhala pamwamba ndikuyang'ana zomwe zili pansipa ndi zamtengo wapatali. Ndiye inde, ndizofunika 100%. Mabaluni ndi aakulu ndipo madengu abwino okhalamo amatha kunyamula anthu 8 mpaka 16 paulendo uliwonse malinga ndi kukula kwake. Panthawiyi, ana opitirira zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri okha ndi omwe amaloledwa paulendo ndipo ayenera kutsagana ndi munthu wamkulu.

LIMENE MUZIPITA
Nyengo yamvula (June mpaka October) ndi nthawi yabwino yotentha balloon safari ku Serengeti. M'miyezi yamvula ya March, April, ndi May, makampani ena adzaperekabe maulendo, ngakhale kuti ndege yeniyeni idzadalira nyengo - ngati kuli mvula kapena mphepo yamkuntho, ndegeyo idzachotsedwa ndipo malipiro anu adzabwezeredwa mokwanira. . Ngati mudakali ndi nthawi yokwanira yoti mupite kutchuthi, ulendo wa pandege ukhoza kusinthidwa kukhala tsiku lina. Mwamwayi, nyengo yachilimwe ndiyonso nthawi yabwino yochitira umboni Kusamuka Kwakukulu, kotero kuti kuyandama mwakachetechete pamwamba pa chiwonetsero chodabwitsachi kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi chisangalalo kwa moyo wanu wonse.

ZOTI MUYONGE
Bweretsani ma binoculars anu ndi kamera ya DSLR, kuti athe kujambula zowoneka bwino zomwe zili pansipa kuti palibe mawu omwe angachitire chilungamo. Mudzafunanso kuvala zovala zabwino ndikukulunga ndi zigawo zingapo chifukwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kozizira musanayambe komanso panthawi yokwera, ngakhale kumatentha pambuyo pake.

ZOFUNIKIRA
Kunyamuka kumakhala mbandakucha nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 5/5.30 AM ndipo mutha kudya khofi ndi chakudya cham'mawa musananyamuke. Mukupita kumalo otsegulira, mutha kuwona nyama zausiku zomwe simukanakumana nazo nthawi ina iliyonse ya tsiku.

Pali chidule chachitetezo chisanayambike kuchokera kwa woyendetsa ndege pomwe baluni ikuwonjezedwa. Nthawi yowuluka ndi pafupifupi ola la 1 ndipo baluni imatha kukwera mpaka 1000 ft ndikuwonetsa kukongola kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi a Serengeti pansipa. Woyendetsa ndegeyo amatha kuwongolera bwino kutalika kwa baluni yanu, nthawi zina kumawuluka pamtunda wamtengo kuti mutha kuwona nyama iliyonse pafupi.

Mukafika, mudzalandiridwa ndi phwando la champagne ndikuwotcha "maisha marefu", kutanthauza "moyo wautali". Pambuyo pake chakudya cham'mawa cham'tchire chapakati pa Serengeti chikudikirira, chomaliza chomwe chingakhale chimodzi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe zidachitikapo.

Kodi hot air balloon safari ku Serengeti ndiyofunika? Mwamtheradi! Ndiye mukuyembekezera chiyani? Lumikizanani nafe lero ndikuwonetsetsa kuti muli ndi mwayi wochitira umboni ukulu wa Africa kuchokera pampando wabwino kwambiri mnyumbamo!

Zinyama zakutchire ku Serengeti National Park
Serengeti sikuti ndi kwawo kwa Great Migration ndi Big Five koma imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama zakuthengo.

Timalimbikitsa aliyense amene amabwera ku Serengeti National Park kuti azingoyang'ana kupyola pa Big Five. Serengeti imapereka zambiri zokhudzana ndi mitundu ya nyama zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kumvetsa kuti derali ndi losiyana bwanji. M'munsimu tafotokoza zina mwazofunikira.

Zosokoneza

Zokwawa, Amphibians ndi Nsomba

tizilombo

Kufufuza

Nyama zakuthengo pazigwa
Serengeti imasamalira osati ziweto zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimasamuka komanso zilombo zambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ziwerengero zimayika nyumbu pakati pa 1.3 ndi 1.7 miliyoni, mbidzi pa 200,000 ndi mbawala ya Thomson ndi Grant pafupifupi 500,000. Ng'ombezi zimakhala ndi afisi pafupifupi 7,500, mpaka mikango 4,000 ndi 500 mpaka 600.

Osamukasamuka osamukasamuka amakhala nyumbu, mbidzi, mbawala ya Thompson ndi eland. Momwemonso, mbawala ya Grant imayendanso patali, ngakhale zochepa zomwe zimadziwika za komwe zimapita. Osamukawo amathandizidwa ndi zigwa m’nyengo yamvula, koma ndi mbawala ndi nthiwatiwa zochepa chabe za Grants’ ndi Thompson ndi nthiwatiwa zomwe zimakhala kumeneko m’nyengo youma. Oryx amapezeka m'zigwa za Salai, koma ndizosowa ndipo chiwerengero chawo sichidziwika.

Zinyama zakutchire m'nkhalango
M'nkhalangoyi muli mitundu ingapo ya nyama zokhalamo. Topi amapezeka m’nkhalango zonse za nkhalango, koma amapanga ng’ombe zazikulu m’zigwa zachinyontho za ku Korido ya Kumadzulo ndi dera la Serengeti Mara ndipo kulibe kum’mawa. Mosiyana ndi wachibale wawo wapamtima, kongoni, amakonda nkhalango za kum’maŵa ndi zigwa zazitali za udzu. Impala, steinbuck, dik dik, njovu ndi njati zimagwira ntchito m'nkhalango zonse ndikupewa zigwa. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka chikwi, njovu zinali zosoŵa ku Serengeti, koma kafukufuku wamumlengalenga yemwe adachitika mu 2014 adawerengera anthu opitilira 8,000 okhala ndi chilengedwe cha Serengeti-Mara, poyerekeza ndi 1986 pafupifupi 2,000. Magwero ena amati kuwonjezeka kumeneku kunachitika chifukwa cha chizunzo chokulirapo kunja kwa madera otetezedwa, koma mosasamala kanthu za chimene chimayambitsa, njovu ndizofala kwambiri kuposa momwe zinalili zaka khumi m’mbuyomo, ndipo kumpoto n’kochuluka kwambiri. Kafukufuku yemweyo adawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa njati ku Serengeti mwina ndi anthu pafupifupi 50,000.

Agiraffe amapezekanso m'nkhalango zonse, koma mutha kuwawona akuyenda m'zigwa kupita kumapiri a Gol ndi nkhalango za Ndutu. Nsombazi zimakhala ku mitsinje ikuluikulu yokhala ndi udzu. Bahor reedbuck imapezekanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje. Amafalikira m’zigwa zaudzu wautali m’nyengo yamvula koma amakhala achangu kwambiri usiku. Nkhumbazi ndizofala kwambiri koma zimakhala zochepa m'nkhalango ndi zochepa chabe m'zigwa. Oribi imapezeka kumpoto chakumadzulo, ndipo ochepa amapezeka kumpoto chakum'mawa pafupi ndi Klein's Camp. Gray duiker amapezekanso kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi ochepa m'mapiri kwina. Mbalame zazikulu za Roan zimapezeka m'madera awiri, kumpoto chakumadzulo (Ikorongo, Lamai ndi Mara Triangle ku Kenya), komanso kumwera pafupi ndi Maswa. Kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa Maswa kumapezanso kuduli.

Zinyama zakutchire m'nkhalango za mitsinje
Ngati muli m'nkhalango za mitsinje, kumbukirani kuyang'ana mmwamba ndi pansi. Kusiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo ndi zomera kumapangitsa nkhalango kukhala malo abwino kwambiri owonerako nyama ndi mbalame. Pali tizilombo ndi odya mbewu monga mongoose omangika, shrews ndi mongoose wamkulu wa madambo. Odya zomera monga duiker ndi bushbuck amabisala pachivundikiro chochindikala. Pa denga pamwamba, mukhoza kuona mtengo hyrax amene angaoneke ngati makoswe aakulu; kwenikweni, n’zogwirizana kwambiri ndi njovu! Anyani amtundu wakuda ndi woyera amatha kuwoneka m'nkhalango za m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Grumeti. Timapeza anyani onse a azitona ndi anyani m'nkhalango zapafupi ndi madzi, ndipo anyani amakhala ambiri m'mphepete mwa msewu wakumadzulo.

M’mitsinje yeniyeniyo, yophimbidwa ndi mitengo ya m’nkhalango, mumakhala ng’ona zazikulu za mitsinje ya Grumeti ndi Mara. Mvuu zimathera masiku ambiri zitamira mumtsinje kapena m’mayiwe obiriŵira m’nyengo yachilimwe. Mitundu iwiriyi imakhala yopanda vuto m'madziwe omwe ali otsekeredwa.

Zolusa za Serengeti
Mwa nyama zazikulu, akalulu, afisi ndi mikango amapezeka pafupifupi m'madera onse a Serengeti. Serengeti National Park sichimakhumudwitsa nthawi zambiri ikakhudza amphaka akulu. Mbali ya Tanzania ya chilengedwe cha Serengeti imathandizira anthu pafupifupi 3000 mpaka 4000 a mkango, omwe mwina ndi anthu ambiri omwe atsala ku Africa, ndipo mazana a mikango yokhalamo imayendayenda m'zigwa zozungulira Seronera, ndi Simba, Moru ndi Gol koppies pafupi ndi msewu waukulu wa Ngorongoro. Apa, sizachilendo kuwona kunyada kuwiri kapena katatu pamasewera amodzi. Kaŵirikaŵiri timawona mikango itagona pansi mu udzu kapena kuyandama pamiyala, ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri onyada a Serengeti amangokhalira kuzunzika m’mitengo masiku akutentha kwambiri.

Ziwerengero za nyalugwe sizikudziwika, chifukwa chachinsinsi komanso kusazindikira. Komabe, ndizofala ku Serengeti ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawoneka mu Chigwa cha Seronera. Chiwerengero cha nyalugwe ndi anthu pafupifupi 1000. Anyani amawonedwanso pafupipafupi: anthu apakati pa 500 mpaka 600 a pakiyi ndi ochuluka kwambiri m'malo obiriwira ozungulira Seronera komanso kum'mawa ku Ndutu.

Mwa zilombo zina zomwe zimawonedwa ku Serengeti National Park, afisi amawanga amakhala ambiri, mwina kuposa mikango. Fisi amapanga magulu akuluakulu pamalo otseguka ngati m'zigwa, koma amakhala okha m'nkhalango zambiri. Nkhandwe zagolide ndi nkhandwe zokhala ndi makutu a mileme zimawoneka ngati mitundu yambirimbiri ya nyama zamtchire m'zigwa zozungulira Seronera, pomwe ankhandwe amigongo yakuda ndi ofala ku zomera zowirira kwambiri ku Lobo.

Kuyendetsa madzulo kapena m'bandakucha, mumakhala ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri

LIMENE MUZIPITA

Nyengo yamvula (June mpaka October) ndi nthawi yabwino yotentha balloon safari ku Serengeti. M'miyezi yamvula ya March, April, ndi May, makampani ena adzaperekabe maulendo, ngakhale kuti ndege yeniyeni idzadalira nyengo - ngati kuli mvula kapena mphepo yamkuntho, ndegeyo idzachotsedwa ndipo malipiro anu adzabwezeredwa mokwanira. . Ngati mudakali ndi nthawi yokwanira yoti mupite kutchuthi, ulendo wa pandege ukhoza kusinthidwa kukhala tsiku lina. Mwamwayi, nyengo yachilimwe ndiyonso nthawi yabwino yochitira umboni Kusamuka Kwakukulu, kotero kuti kuyandama mwakachetechete pamwamba pa chiwonetsero chodabwitsachi kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi chisangalalo kwa moyo wanu wonse.

ZOTI MUYONGE

Bweretsani ma binoculars anu ndi kamera ya DSLR, kuti athe kujambula zowoneka bwino zomwe zili pansipa kuti palibe mawu omwe angachitire chilungamo. Mudzafunanso kuvala zovala zabwino ndikukulunga ndi zigawo zingapo chifukwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kozizira musanayambe komanso panthawi yokwera, ngakhale kumatentha pambuyo pake.

ZOFUNIKIRA

Kunyamuka kumakhala mbandakucha nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 5/5.30 AM ndipo mutha kudya khofi ndi chakudya cham'mawa musananyamuke. Mukupita kumalo otsegulira, mutha kuwona nyama zausiku zomwe simukanakumana nazo nthawi ina iliyonse ya tsiku.

Pali chidule chachitetezo chisanayambike kuchokera kwa woyendetsa ndege pomwe baluni ikuwonjezedwa. Nthawi yowuluka ndi pafupifupi ola la 1 ndipo baluni imatha kukwera mpaka 1000 ft ndikuwonetsa kukongola kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi a Serengeti pansipa. Woyendetsa ndegeyo amatha kuwongolera bwino kutalika kwa baluni yanu, nthawi zina kumawuluka pamtunda wamtengo kuti mutha kuwona nyama iliyonse pafupi.

Mukafika, mudzalandiridwa ndi phwando la champagne ndikuwotcha "maisha marefu", kutanthauza "moyo wautali". Pambuyo pake chakudya cham'mawa cham'tchire chapakati pa Serengeti chikudikirira, chomaliza chomwe chingakhale chimodzi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe zidachitikapo.

Kodi hot air balloon safari ku Serengeti ndiyofunika? Mwamtheradi! Ndiye mukuyembekezera chiyani? Lumikizanani nafe lero ndikuwonetsetsa kuti muli ndi mwayi wochitira umboni ukulu wa Africa kuchokera pampando wabwino kwambiri mnyumbamo!

 Zinyama zakutchire ku Serengeti National Park

Serengeti sikuti ndi kwawo kwa Great Migration ndi Big Five koma imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama zakuthengo.

Timalimbikitsa aliyense amene amabwera ku Serengeti National Park kuti azingoyang'ana kupyola pa Big Five. Serengeti imapereka zambiri zokhudzana ndi mitundu ya nyama zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kumvetsa kuti derali ndi losiyana bwanji. M'munsimu tafotokoza zina mwazofunikira.

Zosokoneza

Zokwawa, Amphibians ndi Nsomba

tizilombo

Kufufuza

Nyama zakuthengo pazigwa

Serengeti imasamalira osati ziweto zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimasamuka komanso zilombo zambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ziwerengero zimayika nyumbu pakati pa 1.3 ndi 1.7 miliyoni, mbidzi pa 200,000 ndi mbawala ya Thomson ndi Grant pafupifupi 500,000. Ng'ombezi zimakhala ndi afisi pafupifupi 7,500, mpaka mikango 4,000 ndi 500 mpaka 600.

Osamukasamuka osamukasamuka amakhala nyumbu, mbidzi, mbawala ya Thompson ndi eland. Momwemonso, mbawala ya Grant imayendanso patali, ngakhale zochepa zomwe zimadziwika za komwe zimapita. Osamukawo amathandizidwa ndi zigwa m’nyengo yamvula, koma ndi mbawala ndi nthiwatiwa zochepa chabe za Grants’ ndi Thompson ndi nthiwatiwa zomwe zimakhala kumeneko m’nyengo youma. Oryx amapezeka m'zigwa za Salai, koma ndizosowa ndipo chiwerengero chawo sichidziwika.

Zinyama zakutchire m'nkhalango

M'nkhalangoyi muli mitundu ingapo ya nyama zokhalamo. Topi amapezeka m’nkhalango zonse za nkhalango, koma amapanga ng’ombe zazikulu m’zigwa zachinyontho za ku Korido ya Kumadzulo ndi dera la Serengeti Mara ndipo kulibe kum’mawa. Mosiyana ndi wachibale wawo wapamtima, kongoni, amakonda nkhalango za kum’maŵa ndi zigwa zazitali za udzu. Impala, steinbuck, dik dik, njovu ndi njati zimagwira ntchito m'nkhalango zonse ndikupewa zigwa. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka chikwi, njovu zinali zosoŵa ku Serengeti, koma kafukufuku wamumlengalenga yemwe adachitika mu 2014 adawerengera anthu opitilira 8,000 okhala ndi chilengedwe cha Serengeti-Mara, poyerekeza ndi 1986 pafupifupi 2,000. Magwero ena amati chiwonjezekochi chikuwonjezereka chifukwa cha chizunzo chokulirapo kunja kwa madera otetezedwa, koma mosasamala kanthu za chimene chimayambitsa, njovu n’zoonekeratu kuti n’zofala kwambiri kuposa mmene zinalili zaka khumi m’mbuyomo, ndipo n’zochuluka zedi kumpoto. Kafukufuku yemweyo adawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa njati ku Serengeti mwina ndi anthu pafupifupi 50,000.

Agiraffe amapezekanso m'nkhalango zonse, koma mutha kuwawona akuyenda m'zigwa kupita kumapiri a Gol ndi nkhalango za Ndutu. Nsombazi zimakhala ku mitsinje ikuluikulu yokhala ndi udzu. Bahor reedbuck imapezekanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje. Amafalikira m’zigwa zaudzu wautali m’nyengo yamvula koma amakhala achangu kwambiri usiku. Nkhumbazi ndizofala kwambiri koma zimakhala zochepa m'nkhalango ndi zochepa chabe m'zigwa. Oribi imapezeka kumpoto chakumadzulo, ndipo ochepa amapezeka kumpoto chakum'mawa pafupi ndi Klein's Camp. Gray duiker amapezekanso kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi ochepa m'mapiri kwina. Mbalame zazikulu za Roan zimapezeka m'madera awiri, kumpoto chakumadzulo (Ikorongo, Lamai ndi Mara Triangle ku Kenya), komanso kumwera pafupi ndi Maswa. Kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa Maswa kumapezanso kuduli.

Zinyama zakutchire m'nkhalango za mitsinje

Ngati muli m'nkhalango za mitsinje, kumbukirani kuyang'ana mmwamba ndi pansi. Kusiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo ndi zomera kumapangitsa nkhalango kukhala malo abwino kwambiri owonerako nyama ndi mbalame. Pali tizilombo ndi odya mbewu monga mongoose omangika, shrews ndi mongoose wamkulu wa madambo. Odya zomera monga duiker ndi bushbuck amabisala pachivundikiro chochindikala. Pa denga pamwamba, mukhoza kuona mtengo hyrax amene angaoneke ngati makoswe aakulu; kwenikweni, n’zogwirizana kwambiri ndi njovu! Anyani amtundu wakuda ndi woyera amatha kuwoneka m'nkhalango zoyandikana ndi mtsinje wa Grumeti. Timapeza anyani onse a azitona ndi anyani m'nkhalango zapafupi ndi madzi, ndipo anyani amakhala ambiri m'mphepete mwa msewu wakumadzulo.

M’mitsinje yeniyeniyo, yophimbidwa ndi mitengo ya m’nkhalango, mumakhala ng’ona zazikulu za mitsinje ya Grumeti ndi Mara. Mvuu zimathera masiku ambiri zitamira mumtsinje kapena m’mayiwe obiriŵira m’nyengo yachilimwe. Mitundu iwiriyi imakhala yopanda vuto m'madziwe omwe ali otsekeredwa.

Zolusa za Serengeti

Mwa nyama zazikulu, akalulu, afisi ndi mikango amapezeka pafupifupi m'madera onse a Serengeti. Serengeti National Park sichimakhumudwitsa nthawi zambiri ikakhudza amphaka akulu. Mbali ya Tanzania ya chilengedwe cha Serengeti imathandizira anthu pafupifupi 3000 mpaka 4000 a mkango, omwe mwina ndi anthu ambiri omwe atsala ku Africa, ndipo mazana a mikango yokhalamo imayendayenda m'zigwa za Seronera, ndi Simba, Moru ndi Gol koppies pafupi ndi msewu waukulu wa Ngorongoro. . Apa, sizachilendo kuwona kunyada kuwiri kapena katatu pamasewera amodzi. Kaŵirikaŵiri timawona mikango itagona pansi mu udzu kapena kuyandama pamiyala, ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri onyada a Serengeti amangokhalira kufota m’mitengo masiku akutentha kwambiri.

Ziwerengero za nyalugwe sizikudziwika, chifukwa chachinsinsi komanso kusazindikira. Komabe, ndizofala ku Serengeti ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawoneka mu Chigwa cha Seronera. Chiwerengero cha nyalugwe ndi anthu pafupifupi 1000. Anyani amawonedwanso pafupipafupi: anthu apakati pa 500 mpaka 600 a pakiyi ndi ochuluka kwambiri m'malo obiriwira ozungulira Seronera komanso kum'mawa ku Ndutu.

Mwa zilombo zina zomwe zimawonedwa ku Serengeti National Park, afisi amawanga amakhala ambiri, mwina kuposa mikango. Fisi amapanga magulu akuluakulu pamalo otseguka ngati m'zigwa, koma amakhala okha m'nkhalango zambiri. Nkhandwe zagolide ndi nkhandwe zokhala ndi makutu a mileme zimawoneka ngati mitundu yambirimbiri ya nyama zamtchire m'zigwa zozungulira Seronera, pomwe ankhandwe amigongo yakuda ndi ofala ku zomera zowirira kwambiri ku Lobo.

Kuyendetsa madzulo kapena m'bandakucha, mumakhala ndi mwayi wowona zilombo zausiku monga ma civets, amphaka akutchire aku Africa, ndi ma serval. Chosowa chenicheni pakati pa adani ndi galu wakuthengo waku Africa (kapena galu wopaka utoto), yemwe anali wamba mpaka 1970s; koma mwatsoka, matenda anafafaniza chiŵerengero chonse cha pakiyi mu 1992. Mwamwayi, agalu am’tchire ndi nyama zoyendayenda kwambiri ndi zotambalala, magulu ena oyendayenda awonedwa m’zigwa za kum’maŵa ndipo m’zaka zaposachedwapa anthu agalu zakuthengo akhala akukhazikitsanso. kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa paki ku Loliondo. Mawu oyambilira ena angapo ochokera kumadera ena ku Tanzania achitika, ndipo agalu amtchire a Serengeti akuti akukwana 250.

Zokwawa, amphibians & nsomba

Serengeti National Park ili ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama zomwe zimakwawa ndikukwawa. Zambiri mwa abuluzi, zikopa, ndi njokazi zimadya tizilombo tochuluka komanso makoswe muudzu pamene zina zimadya mazira a mbalame. Anati amathanso kudya nyama zazikulu ngati mbawala. Zokwawa zina nazonso zimadya udzu, monga kamba kambuku. Si zokwawa zonse zazing'ono: kuyang'anira buluzi amakhala mu mabango ndi tchire ndipo amatha kukula mpaka 1.5 metres. Mkulu wa zokwawa zonse, zolemera ma kilogalamu 800 ndipo nthawi zina utali wa mamita asanu, ndi ng'ona yaikulu yamadzi a Serengeti. Zolengedwa zakalezi zimatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zoposa zana limodzi ndipo mosangalala zimadya nyumbu yathunthu pa chakudya chamadzulo.

Nsomba za ku Serengeti National Park zimazolowera kukhala m'malo amatope otsika okosijeni ndipo nthawi zina zimapulumuka popanda madzi. Chinthu chothandiza panthawi yamvula. Mbalame zam’madzi za m’Mitsinje ya Mara ndi Grumeti nthawi zina zimadzikoka m’matope kuchoka pa dziwe kupita ku dziwe ndipo zimatha kulemera makilogalamu 20. Zina, monga nsomba za lungfish, zimakwirira kotheratu m’nyengo yachilimwe, n’kukhala m’chikwa pansi pa matope ong’ambika ouma. Nsomba zina zing’onozing’ono zimakhala ndi moyo wogwiritsa ntchito moyo wawo wonse m’miyezi yoŵerengeka pamene mvula ikugwa. Maiwe akamauma, zimaswana ndi kuikira mazira m’matope. Mazirawa amapulumuka mozizwitsa mphepo yotentha ya August ndi September, kuswa m’badwo wotsatira mvula ikadzagwanso mu December.

Kafukufuku wa achule apeza mitundu pafupifupi 20 ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yambiri mwa iyo imakhala m’mitengo, m’malo odyetserako udzu, m’mayiwe ndi m’maenje othirira madzi. Phokoso lausiku la nyengo yamvula limadzazidwa ndi kuyimba kwa achule ndicholinga chodzimveketsa pamwamba pa symphony yakumbuyo ya crickets ndi cicadas. Iyi ndi nyimbo ya chitsamba cha ku Africa mu nyengo yamvula.

tizilombo

Chinthu choyamba chimene anthu ambiri oyenda ku Serengeti National Park amachiwona ndichoti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tachepa. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha tizilombo toluma ndi chochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi North America kapena Europe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo ndi yochuluka kwambiri. Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana timapezeka m’nkhalango ya Serengeti kuyambira pa nyerere, kafadala, zimbalangondo ndi chiswe pansi pa nkhalangoyi, mitambo ya ntchentche, mavu, njuchi, mpaka ku agulugufe ouluka kwambiri komanso agulugufe akuluakulu a chipembere. Tizilombo tambiri tomwe timapezeka m’tizilombo timeneti ndi tofunika kwambiri pa zamoyo za m’nkhalangoyi ndi ndowe, ziwala, chiswe, agulugufe ndi nyerere.

Zikumbu za ndowe

Zikumbu ndi gulu la nyama zosiyanasiyana komanso zopambana kwambiri padziko lapansi, zomwe zili ndi mitundu yopitilira 400,000 (!) yodziwika. Ku Serengeti mitundu yoposa 100 ya tizilombo toyambitsa ndowe imapezeka m’dera laling’ono chabe la zigwazo. Mtundu uliwonse wa ndowe umakhala ndi ndowe zamitundu yosiyanasiyana m'nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Popanda zikumbu, Serengeti bwenzi anthu sakhalamo. Zolengedwa zodabwitsazi zimagubuduka ndikukwirira ndowe zokwana 75 pa 15 zilizonse zomwe zimatayidwa mu Serengeti, zomwe zimakwana matani mazana angapo patsiku. Mipira yawo ya ndowe yopangidwa mwaluso imakwiriridwa ndikukhala nyumba ya mphutsi zachikumbu zomwe zimadya zakudya zotsala mkati, ndikusiya dothi lopanda kanthu. Pamene ofufuza nthaka ankakumba maenje m’zigwa za Serengeti, 20 mpaka XNUMX peresenti ya nthakayo inali ndi ndowe zokwiriridwa. Kuchuluka kwa ndowe ndi dothi losunthidwa ndi ndowe zimachititsa kuti nthaka ikhale ndi manyowa komanso kumasula nthaka ndipo zimathandiza kwambiri kuti chilengedwe chonse cha Serengeti chikhale chokolola.

Zomera

Ziwala ndi gulu la tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Maonekedwe a thupi lawo ndi mtundu wake zimasintha akamakula, zomwe zimapangitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kukhala yovuta kuzindikira. Ngakhale amadya udzu wobiriwira, ena amadya maluwa, njere ndipo ena amadya ziwala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Kuyerekeza kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu kumasonyeza kuti nthawi zina pachaka, ziwala zimadya udzu wambiri kuposa gulu lina lililonse la nyama za Serengeti National Park, kuphatikizapo nyumbu zonse. Kusiyanasiyana kwa ziwala ku Serengeti ndikokwera kwambiri, ofufuza apeza mitundu yopitilira 60 m'malo ochepa osonkhanitsira. Mvula ikagwa, ziwala zimachulukana ndipo zimakokera gulu lalikulu la mbalame zosamukasamuka kupita ku Serengeti kuti zikadye nawo.

chiswe

Chiswe chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri potembenuza zakudya ku Serengeti. Mitundu yambiri ya chiswe ndi zolengedwa zausiku, zokolola nkhuni zakufa ndi udzu. Amagwiritsa ntchito zomera zakufa kuthandizira mitundu ya bowa m'zipinda zapansi zomwe amalima ndi kudya. Dothi lomangira zipindazi ndi losakanizika ndi malovu ndipo amamangako milu yawo yapadera. Machulu ena a chiswe amakhala otalika mpaka mamita atatu okhala ndi machumuni ngati turret. Mitsinje ya mapiriwa imapereka nyumba za nyama zosiyanasiyana, monga njoka, mongoose ndi mbewa. Akalulu, mikango, ndi nyumbu nthawi zambiri amaima pamwamba pa machulu a chiswe pofufuza malowo. M'zigwa zathyathyathya, ngakhale kukwera kwa mita imodzi kumapereka mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi ndipo ndikofunikira kuti mupeze chakudya.

Agulugufe ndi njenjete

Agulugufe akuuluka m’munsi pa udzu kapena akuuluka kuchokera nthambi kupita kunthambi m’nkhalango, agulugufe amadya timadzi tokoma ta maluwa, motero amakwaniritsa ntchito yawo yosamalira mungu. Gulu lalikulu la nyama zimadya agulugufe ndi njenjete, ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi, zapanga njira zochititsa chidwi zoletsa kudyedwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kubisala maonekedwe, kubisala, kuzindikira radar, tsitsi lapoizoni, ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu a 'diso' pamapiko awo omwe amawalitsa kuti awopsyeze adani.

Ants

Nyerere zofiira zomwe zimaluma ndizodziwika kwambiri ku Serengeti National Park. Nyerere zofiira zoluma zimakhala m'magulu akuluakulu. Mosiyana ndi nyerere zambiri, zilibe nyumba yachikhalire. Nyererezi zimabisala m’mitengo kapena m’maenje masana masana, koma usiku zimakhala zilombo zolusa. Magulu ankhondo ochuluka a nyerere adziŵika kuti amakankha mikango pakupha, n’kumadya zotsala. Komabe, nthawi zambiri amapita kumalo osavuta monga tizilombo, mbalame zomangira zisa, makoswe, abuluzi ndi nalimata. M’nyengo ya mvula, nthaŵi zina mumatha kuona misewu ikuluikulu ya nyerere zofiira zikuwoloka msewu m’bandakucha pamene zimachokera kumalo awo othaŵira usiku.

N’chifukwa chiyani Serengeti ili ndi nyama zambiri chonchi?

Serengeti ndi yapadera chifukwa ndi malo osinthira. Pali kusintha kosiyana kuchokera ku dothi lathyathyathya lolemera m'zigwa za kumwera kupita ku -dothi losauka kwambiri la kumpoto. Chifukwa cha kutsika kwa mvula, kum'mwera kumalandira mvula yochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi malo ena. Ku Serengeti kulinso matumba a nkhalango za mitsinje zomwe zatsala, zomwe zinachititsa kuti malowa apangidwe ndi nkhalango zowirira. Kuphatikiza, izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi malo okhala ku Serengeti National Park. Ndizosiyana kwenikweni izi (ndi mphamvu zake) zomwe zimachirikiza zamoyo zambiri zomwe tikuziwona lero.

Mtsinje wa Seronera

Central Serengeti, yomwe ili pakatikati pa National Park yochititsa chidwiyi, ndiye dera lodziwika kwambiri m'derali chifukwa cha nyama zakuthengo zambiri, amphaka akulu akulu komanso malo okongola a Serengeti okhala ndi savanna. Nyama zakuthengo zokhalamo zimapangitsa gawo ili la Serengeti kukhala malo osangalatsa kwambiri chaka chonse, koma miyezi ya Epulo mpaka Juni ndi Okutobala mpaka Disembala, pomwe ng'ombe za Kusamuka Kwakukulu zimadutsa m'derali, ndi pomwe zili pachimake.

Chigwa cha Mtsinje wa Seronera, chomwe chili kum'mwera chapakati pa pakiyi, ndi amodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri m'derali. Amadziwika kuti Big Cat Capital of Africa, Seronera ndi wolemera ndi mkango, nyalugwe ndi cheetah - ndipo anthu nthawi zambiri amawona onse atatu pa tsiku limodzi loyendetsa masewera. Yang'anani anyalugwe kuzungulira mtsinje wa Seronera, komwe kuli amphaka akulu kwambiri ku Africa, pomwe mikango imatha kuwoneka pa kopjes (malo amiyala). Zigwa za Serengeti - malo otseguka kumwera kwa Mtsinje wa Seronera - ndi gawo lalikulu la cheetah. Nyama zina zomwe zingapezeke m'madera osiyanasiyana a mitsinje, madambo, kopjes ndi udzu ndi njovu, mvuu ndi ng'ona m'mitsinje, njati, impala, topi, nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe za makutu.

Ngakhale kuti madzi a chaka chonse amachokera ku mtsinje wa Seronera amatanthauza kuti derali ndi labwino kwambiri poyang'ana nyama zakutchire chaka chonse, April mpaka June ndi nyengo yapamwamba yowonera nyama ku Seronera, chifukwa ndi pamene zigwa zimakhala zodzaza ndi nyumbu zosamuka. , mbidzi ndi mbawala pamene akupita kumpoto. Malo apakati a Seronera amatanthauza kuti ndi imodzi mwa malo abwino kwambiri kuti muwone Kusamuka Kwakukulu kukugwira ntchito, monga nyama zikuyenda m'derali kwa miyezi yambiri.

Mfundo

Central Serengeti ndi malo osangalatsa kwambiri kuona Kusamuka Kwakukulu kukugwira ntchito: ng'ombe zimadutsa m'chigawo chino cha paki kuyambira April mpaka June pamene zikuyenda kumpoto, kenako zimabwereranso kumwera kuyambira October mpaka December. Ena mwa malo abwino kwambiri ku Central Serengeti kuti muwone ng'ombezo ndi monga Seronera Valley ndi Seronera River, Moru Kopjes, Simba Kopje ndi Maasai Kopjes.

Ngati mukutsatira Amphaka Aakulu, dera la Seronera ku Central Serengeti ndilo kubetcha kwanu kopambana: derali limayamikiridwa ngati malo abwino kwambiri owonera adani - makamaka mkango, nyalugwe ndi akalulu - pakusaka kosangalatsa.

Central Serengeti ili ndi miyala yambiri ya miyala ya granite, yotchedwa kopjes, komwe muyenera kuyang'ana mikango ndi akalulu. Palinso zina zazikulu za kopje, monga Simba Kopje, kapena Simba Rocks - malo omwe adalimbikitsa Pride Rock mufilimu ya Disney The Lion King. Ulalo wa filimuyo si chifukwa chokha choyendera mulu wa miyala ya granite koma - ndi malo abwino kwambiri kuti muwone mikango, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagona pamiyala dzuwa. Ku Moru Kopjes, kumwera kwa Mtsinje wa Seronera, mutha kuyesa kufufuza zipembere zakuda zomaliza zomwe zatsala m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale - komanso kuwona zojambula zakale zamatanthwe. Ndiyeno pali malo ochezeramo alendo a Ntchito ya Serengeti Rhino, kumene mungaphunzire za ntchito yofunika kwambiri yosamalira zipembere zomwe zikuchita pofuna kuteteza nyama zomwe zatsala pang’ono kutha. Moru Kopjes ndi amodzi mwamalo ochepa kwambiri papaki pomwe mutha kuyenda maulendo angapo amasiku ambiri.

Kuwombera mpweya wotentha ndikofunikira mukapita ku Serengeti. Kuyandama pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa zigwa zaudzu m'bandakucha, kuyang'ana nyama kuchokera mudengu lanu loimitsidwa ndizochitika zomwe simudzayiwala. Ngati mukukhala ku Central Serengeti, mutha kusamutsa kupita ku malo ogona kapena msasa wanu kupita kumalo otsegulira mpweya wotentha pafupi ndi Masai Kopjes. Champagne kadzutsa mukangofika ndi chitumbuwa pamwamba pa ntchito yodabwitsa.

Malo ambiri ogona ndi misasa amapereka ulendo wopita kumudzi wa Amasai kuti mudziwe zambiri za mtundu wotchuka wa abusa oyendayenda omwe akhala akukhala m'dera lomwe tsopano ndi Serengeti ndi Masai Mara national parks. Kumudzi wamaasai mudzasangalatsidwa ndi anthu akumudzi akuyimba ndi kuvina, ankhondo achimuna akuvina. Mudzathanso kugula zodzikongoletsera zokongola ndi zaluso zopangidwa ndi manja, zomwe zimapanga zikumbutso zabwino - komanso kuthandizira chuma chaderalo.

Malangizo Oyendayenda

Dera la Seronera, lomwe ndi malo otchuka kwambiri pakiyi, lili ndi malo ogona ambiri kuyambira pa bajeti mpaka pakatikati komanso mpaka pamtengo wapamwamba, wokhala ndi malo ena apamwamba kwambiri a pakiyo. Oyenda pa bajeti akhoza kumanga msasa pansi pa nyenyezi ku Rustic Seronera Campsite, pamene apaulendo omwe akufunafuna njira zapakati pawo adzapeza malo ogona ndi makampu otsika mtengo - ambiri omwe ali ochezeka ndi mabanja ndipo amapereka zinthu zonse monga WiFi. Mwasokonezedwa kuti musankhe pankhani yamakampu apamwamba: pali makampu oyendayenda omwe amasuntha ndi magulu a Great Migration (ndipo osakhala ndi chitonthozo, okhala ndi mabedi oyenera, zidebe zosambira zotentha ndi zosungiramo anthu wamba), malo ogona opangidwa bwino ndi anthu apadera. maiwe opanda malire ndi zochitika monga magawo osinkhasinkha motsogozedwa kuthengo, mapikiniki akutchire ndi kuyang'ana nyenyezi.

Likulu la pakiyo lilinso ku Seronera (pafupi ndi bwalo la ndege), komwe kuli malo odziwitsa alendo, malo ogulitsira komanso malo odyera.

Seronera imakhala yotanganidwa kwambiri m'miyezi yotchuka kwambiri ya June ndi July ndi October mpaka April ndipo zowona zimatha kukhala zochulukira. Ngati kuthaŵa khamu ndilofunika kwambiri ndipo mukuyenda m'miyezi iyi, ganizirani kusungitsa malo ogona kudera lina la paki.

Seronera imapezeka mumsewu pamtunda wa maola asanu ndi limodzi kuchokera ku Arusha ndi Mwanza, koma njira yosavuta yopezera gawo ili la paki ndikuwulukira pabwalo la ndege la Seronera ndikukhala pamalo ogona omwe amathandizira apaulendo owuluka: iwo ' ndibwera kudzakunyamulani pabwalo la ndege ndikukupatsani zoyendetsa masewera pamagalimoto awo.

Ena mwa malo ogona ndi misasa amapereka maulendo ang'onoang'ono m'tchire kwa maola awiri kapena anayi ndi otsogolera Achimasai, omwe angakuphunzitseni za zolengedwa zing'onozing'ono ndi zomera zomwe mumaphonya poyendetsa masewera. Ngati kuyenda ndichinthu chomwe mungafune kukumana nacho, fufuzani pa malo ogona omwe ali ndi ntchitoyi.