Huchi mbira

Honey badger imhuka yepanyika ine makumbo mapfupi inogara mumasango, materu, nemakomo muAfrica neAsia. Iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa rimwe zita remhuka imwechete - retel. Kashoma kuoneka, asi pazvinoitika, unogona kuzviziva nebhachi jena-grey rine makushe ari pamusoro, musana, uye muswe, zvichisiyana neruvara rutema rwechiso, mativi, uye pasi pemuviri. Mabheji ehuchi matema akazara aripowo asi anongogumira kune imwe subspecies.

Mhuka iyi inofarirwa nenyuchi makonye, ​​ayo anochera nemumikoko yenyuchi. Vanhu vakacherechedza maitiro aya, ndokuwana zita remadunhurirwa rekuti "honey badger." Kunyange zvazvo ichidyawo uchi, chinonyanyoinakidza mapere nenyuchi.

Huchi hunogara kupi? Ivo vanowanikwa munenge muSouth Africa yeSahara, pamwe neMali, Mauritania, Western Sahara, uye Morocco. Nzvimbo yavo yekuAsia inosanganisira zvikamu zveWestern Asia (Middle East) neIndia Peninsula. Kubva nhasi, anenge gumi nemaviri subspecies anozivikanwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira Persian ratel, Nepalese ratel, Indian ratel, black ratel, white-backed ratel, Lake Chad ratel, uye speckled ratel, pakati pezvimwe.

Chimiro chembira chine mukurumbira kusatya kwayo, kunyangwe pamberi pevadzivisi vakakura. Mhuka hombe, yakadai senyati, painopinda munzvimbo yembira, iyi yomumhuri yezvikwambo inorwisa. Mbira ine makona ine ngozi zvikuru. Ichazvidzivirira zvakasimba nenharaunda yayo, ichisimudza makushe, ichiratidza mazino ayo akapinza nenzwara refu, ichiridza muridzo nokudzvova, uye ichibudisa kunhuwa kwakaipa. Iva nechokwadi kana mudzvanyiriri akasadzokera shure - mbira ichapinda muhondo zvine hukasha.

Huchi Burger Chokwadi

• Pasinei nokuti inonzi mbira, inodya zvinopfuura uchi chete. Ratel imhuka ine omnivorous uye inoparadza zvinoshamisa.
• Yakapinda muGuinness World Record semhuka isingatyi zvikuru.
• Honey badges vakaonekwa vachirwisa shumba nenyati.
• Havatyi kurumwa nezvinyavada uye kurumwa nenyoka dzine uturu.
• Pasinei nemakumbo mapfupi, vanogona kumhanya makumi emakiromita zuva nezuva.

Nei mbira dzakasimba kudaro, dzisingatyi, uye dzine hasha?

Ngano dzakatenderedza kusatya kwakanyanya kwembira. Vanofarira mhuka dzesango vanoziva kuti mbira dzinovhima nyoka dzine uturu, dzisingatyi kutarisana nevadzivisi vakakura, uye dzimwe nguva dzinorwisa shumba, nyati nemabhiza. Kazhinji, vanobuda vakunda muhondo idzi.

Izvi zvinobvira sei? Chimwe chezvakavanzika chiri muganda rehoney badgers. Zvinonetsa kuruma nemazino kana kuboora, semuenzaniso, maquill enungu. Vamwe vanotsanangura ganda ravo se "rakasununguka," vachisimbisa kusimba kwaro uye kutambanuka. Izvi zvinoita kuti mbira inenge yabatwa ichimonya, kutendeuka, uye kuramba ichirwisa muvengi wayo. Pasinei nekuchinjika kwaro, ganda rakanyanya dende - vagari venzvimbo vanoti hapana miseve kana machete blades kupinda mairi.

Pakurwisa, mbira dzine makumbo mapfupi asi ane simba ane marefu akakombama. Zvisikwa zvakavapa zvikwambo izvi zvekuchera makomba nekuparadza matutu emujuru nemikoko yenyuchi. Zvisinei, kusatya kwembira kunodzibvumira kushandisa nzwara muhondo. Iwo makumbo ane simba anovabatsira kudzivirira vanovarwisa uye kutevera mhuka kwenguva yakareba kusvikira yakundwa, yaneta. Saka, kugona kwavo kudonhedza “bhomba rinonhuwa” handicho chombo chavo chete!

Asi zvakadini nehuturu hwenyoka? Zvinotaridza kuti mbira dzine mushonga muhurongwa hwadzo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti huchi mbira dzinovhima mhungu dzine huturu, semuenzaniso. Kana mhungu ikaruma mbira isati yafa, huturu hwacho hunogona kukonzera kupera simba. Zvisinei, anenge maawa maviri gare gare, mhuka yacho inomuka, yanyatsosimba, uye inopedza zvakadzikama kupedza mhungu yaurayiwa. Uye kana mazino enyoka akakwanisa kubata mbira ndokupinda muganda rayo.

Pane fungidziro dzekuti izvi zvingashanda sei. Honey badgers handiyo chete mhuka dzinokwanisa kuderedza uturu hwenyoka. Kugona uku kunowanikwawo mune opossums, hedgehogs, skunks, mongooses, uye dzimwe mhuka. Semuenzaniso, mamongoose ane akasiyana mapuroteni anoumbwa mumhasuru uye masero etsinga, kudzivirira mamorekuru emuchetura kubva pakusunga uye kukonzera mitezo. Dzimwe mhuka dzine zvinhu muropa radzo zvinoderedza chepfu yehuturu. Nzira yekudzivirira nayo huturu huri mumabheji haisati yazivikanwa.

Imwe nzira yekudzivirira kugona kuburitsa mvura ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba, kusingafadzi munzvimbo dzine njodzi. Zvirwere zvekumashure zvakakura zvinokonzeresa izvi. Hwema hwakashata hunogona kudzivirira zvipembenene zvakaita senyuchi nemhuka hombe dzingasangana nembira. Muchiitiko ichi, ivo vanofanana ne skunks.

Pakupedzisira, ngatitaurei pamusoro pekurumwa nenyuchi. Mbira dzinonzvenga sei mibairo kana dzichipinda mumukoko wenyuchi? Kazhinji, huchi huchi hahunzwe kuruma uye hadzina kubatwa nazvo, nekuda kweganda radzo gobvu. Pane dzidziso yakapararira yekuti nyuchi hadzikuvadzi zvachose. Zvisineyi, pane kashoma kuti mbira dzinovharirwa mumikoko yenyuchi, dzichishingirira kurwiswa kwenguva refu, uye dzinopedzisira dzarumwa kakawanda.

Zvakadaro, kazhinji kazhinji, mbira dzinoramba dziri mhenyu uye dzinenge dzisina kukuvadzwa. Hunhu hwavo, hunoratidzwa nekushinga uye kudzivirira kwakasimba nekukurumidza kushanduka kuita hasha, hunoita basa rakakosha. Muchiitiko ichi, honey badges dzakafanana nehama yavo yemhuri, wolverine, iyo inogara kuchamhembe kwelatitudes. Kunyange zvazvo mbira yakaonekwa ichirwisa shumba nenyati, mapere dzimwe nguva anombundira mapere nenzira yakafanana.

Kutyisidzira kwechisikigo kumabheji

Huchi mbira dzinotendwa kuti dzinenge dzisina vavengi venyama, sezvo zvikara zvihombe zvakawanda zvinoziva hunhu hwadzo uye zvinodzivisa kubata nazvo. Zvisinei, pane zviitiko apo shumba nembada zvakauraya mbira. Vanhu vacho vaiwanzova vanhu vakwegura kana kuti vasina simba. Kazhinji, mbira ine huchi ine hutano inogona kudzinga zvikara. Semuenzaniso, pane nyaya yakanyorwa apo mbira ichirwa nayo Shumba 6 uye akapukunyuka asina kumbokuvadzwa!

Nekudaro, mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvikara zve huchi mbira zvinogona kusanganisira mapere, ingwe, shumba, nemakarwe eNile. Kazhinji kutaura pamusoro pekutyisidzira, dambudziko rinogara riripo kwavari vanhu. Vanhu vanovhima mbira dzehuchi kuti vawane nyama uye vanoshandisa zvikamu zvemhuka idzi dzakasimba semishonga yechivanhu. Vagari veko vanotenda kuti simba uye ushingi hwemhuka iyi hunotamiswa kana chikamu chemuviri wembira chikawanikwa.

Rimwe dambudziko nderevachengeti venyuchi vanoteya mateya ehuchi kuchengetedza mikoko yenyuchi. Dzimwe nguva, vanhu vanoipisa muchetura kuti vasasvike pamikoko yenyuchi nezvikwere zvehuku.

Zvose mune zvose, izvi hazvirevi kutyisidzira kukuru kune mhuka. Maererano neInternational Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), kunyange hazvo huwandu hwembira huchidzikira, mhuka idzi hadzina kutyisidzirwa zvakanyanya. Mamiriro ayo ekuchengetedza ndeekunyanya Hanya. Mararamiro ehuchi ega uye kuva kure kwenzvimbo dzinogara huchi kubva kuvanhu zvinonyanya kuita kuti dzirarame. Zvisinei, biology yokuchengetedza inovaisa muboka sevari mungozi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogara.

Kutyisidzira kwechisikigo kumabheji

Huchi mbira dzinotendwa kuti dzinenge dzisina vavengi venyama, sezvo zvikara zvihombe zvakawanda zvinoziva hunhu hwadzo uye zvinodzivisa kubata nazvo. Zvisinei, pane zviitiko apo shumba nembada zvakauraya mbira. Vanhu vacho vaiwanzova vanhu vakwegura kana kuti vasina simba. Kazhinji, mbira ine huchi ine hutano inogona kudzinga zvikara. Semuenzaniso, pane nyaya yakanyorwa apo mbira ichirwa nayo Shumba 6 uye akapukunyuka asina kumbokuvadzwa!

Nekudaro, mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvikara zve huchi mbira zvinogona kusanganisira mapere, ingwe, shumba, nemakarwe eNile. Kazhinji kutaura pamusoro pekutyisidzira, dambudziko rinogara riripo kwavari vanhu. Vanhu vanovhima mbira dzehuchi kuti vawane nyama uye vanoshandisa zvikamu zvemhuka idzi dzakasimba semishonga yechivanhu. Vagari veko vanotenda kuti simba uye ushingi hwemhuka iyi hunotamiswa kana chikamu chemuviri wembira chikawanikwa.

Rimwe dambudziko nderevachengeti venyuchi vanoteya mateya ehuchi kuchengetedza mikoko yenyuchi. Dzimwe nguva, vanhu vanoipisa muchetura kuti vasasvike pamikoko yenyuchi nezvikwere zvehuku.

Zvese mune zvese, izvi hazvikonzere njodzi kune zvipenyu Maererano neInternational Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), kunyangwe huwandu hwehuchi hwehuchi huchidzikira, mhuka hadzisi kutyisidzirwa zvakanyanya. Mamiriro ayo ekuchengetedza ndeekunyanya Hanya. Mararamiro ehuchi ega uye kuva kure kwenzvimbo dzinogara huchi kubva kuvanhu zvinonyanya kuita kuti dzirarame. Nekudaro, biology yekuchengetedza inovaisa munjodzi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogara.

Dzimba dzembira

Nzvimbo inogara mbira ine mugodhi unocherwa nenzwara dzawo refu patsoka dzemberi. Rakafanana nemugero unogona kureba kusvika mamita matatu (9.8 feet). Uyezve, mhuka iyi inogona kuchera kusvika mita imwe nehafu (4.9 feet) kudzika. Zvinotora anenge maminetsi gumi kuti ichere mugero muvhu rakaoma.

Huchi dzinowanzotora misha yedzimwe mhuka, dzichipaza mumigodhi yemaaardvarks, makava, mongoose, uye marwarthog. Dzimwe nguva, vanoshandisa mirwi isina mujuru.

Harisi dambudziko kuti varare vari munzvimbo dzine matombo. Pakadai, mbira dzinoronga gomba radzo mumikaha yematombo. Makomba emiti anoshandawo senzvimbo dzekurara dzakakodzera. Huchi mabheji imhuka dzakasiyana-siyana pakugadzirisa dzimba, sekudya kwadzo.