Serengeti National Park Chokwadi
tsananguro
Kune nzvimbo dziripo pasi pano dzisingatarisirwi. Serengeti ndeimwe yadzo. Yakatambanuka nemakiromita 14,763 kuchamhembe. Tanzania, ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzekare, dzakaoma kunzwisisa zvakatipoteredza, uye dzine mhuka dzakawanda pasi rose. Kune vafambi vazhinji, kufamba netsoka uchiyambuka mapani eSerengeti ndicho chiitiko chemhuka chine simba kupfuura zvimwe zvese muhupenyu hwavo. Gwaro iri rinofukidza chokwadi chakakosha, nhoroondo inoshamisa, mhuka dzesango, nezvose zvaunofanira kuziva usati washanya.
Zvinorevei Serengeti?
Zita rekuti Serengeti rinobva pashoko rechiMaasai rokuti siringit, iro rinoshandurwa kuti "mapani asingaperi." Ndiro rimwe remazita enzvimbo dzakakodzera pasi rose. Nzvimbo yakakura yeSerengeti, iyo inodarika miganhu yepamutemo yepaki yenyika, inofukidza makiromita anopfuura zviuru makumi matatu emasikweya emasango, masango, nemasango ari pedyo nerwizi, inotangira kumapani ekuchamhembe kweTanzania kusvika kuMasai Mara National Reserve yeKenya.
Nzvimbo huru yeSerengeti inosanganisira Serengeti National Park pachayo, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Maswa Game Reserve, Loliondo, Grumeti, neIkorongo Game Controlled Areas, uye Maasai Mara mhiri kwemuganhu muKenya.
Serengeti ine makore mangani?
Serengeti ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzekare uye dzakakosha zvikuru dzesainzi pasi pano. Mafambiro ayo emamiriro ekunze, mhuka, nemiti zvinofungidzirwa kuti hazvina kuchinja zvakanyanya mumakore miriyoni apfuura. Kufamba-famba, kana kuti kungotyaira nemota, kunounza pfungwa yekupinda munyika yagara iripo kare vanhu vasati vasvika kuti vaione.
Vanhu vechiMaasai vakanga vafudza mombe dzavo mubani reSerengeti kwemakore angangoita mazana maviri vasati vasvika munzvimbo iyi vaongorori vekutanga vekuEurope. Nyanzvi yejogirafi yekuGermany Dr. Oscar Baumann ndiye akava muEurope wekutanga kunyora nezvenzvimbo iyi, akapinda muna 1892. Muongorori wekuBritain Stewart Edward White akazotevera muna 1913, achinyora zvakadzama nezvenzvimbo iyi nemhuka dzayo.
Nzvimbo yekutanga yemhuka isina kukwana yakavambwa muna 1921, ichifukidza maeka 800 chete. Nzvimbo yese yemhuka yakatevera muna 1929. Nzvimbo idzi dzakadzivirirwa dzakava hwaro hweSerengeti National Park, iyo yakaburitswa pachena muna 1951. Muna 1981, yakasarudzwa seUNESCO World Heritage Site, kuzivikanwa kwekukosha kwayo kukuru kune sainzi nevanhu.
Kutama Kukuru: Kufamba Kwemhuka Kukuru Pasirose
Hapana chiitiko chimwe chete chechisikigo chinotsanangura Serengeti kupfuura Kutama KukuruNdiwo mutambo mukuru wemhuka panyika, uye chimwe chezviitiko zvikuru zvemhuka dzesango pasi rose.
Gore rega rega, mhuka dzinopfuura mamiriyoni 1.7 dzemusango, mbizi 500,000, uye mhara 200,000 dzinotevera nzira yakatenderera muSerengeti dzichitsvaga mafuro matsva nemvura. Rwendo urwu runotora makiromita angangoita 800, ruchitanga kumaodzanyemba kweSerengeti kutenderedza dunhu reNdutu uye rwuchifambira kuchamhembe nepakati nekumadokero kweSerengeti dzisati dzayambuka Rwizi rweMara dzichipinda muMasai Mara yeKenya, dzozodzokera kumaodzanyemba zvakare mvura painotanga kunaya.
Kutenderera uku kunotanga zvakanyanya muna Kukadzi, apo mhuru dzeshiri dzinosvika hafu yemiriyoni dzinoberekwa mumapani mapfupi eNdutu mumavhiki mashoma chete. Panosvika Kurume, mapoka makuru eshiri anenge achienda kuchamhembe. Kuyambuka rwizi rweMara, kunoitika pakati paChikunguru naGumiguru, zvingangove nguva dzinoshamisa dzekufamba kwese, sezvo zviuru zveshiri dzinonyura mumvura yakazara nengwena mumhepo ine ruzha. Pakazosvika Ndira, mapoka eshiri anenge adzokera kumaodzanyemba, uye kutenderera kwacho kunotanga zvakare.
Mhuka dzinosvika 250,000 dzinofa panguva imwe neimwe yekufamba kwegore negore, dzichitorwa nezvikara, dzichinyura munzizi, kana kuti dzichineta nenyota. Ichi chiyeuchidzo chisina kujeka uye chechokwadi chehukuru hwezvisikwa.
Muna 2013, Great Migration yakazivikanwa seimwe yeZvishamiso Zvinomwe zveAfrica, ichibatana nezvimwe zviratidzo zvinosanganisira Mount Kilimanjaro, Ngorongoro Crater, neRwizi Nile. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti zvitatu zvezvishamiso zvinomwe zvezvisikwa zvinowanikwa muTanzania.
Mhuka dzesango dzeSerengeti
Serengeti inotsigira imwe yenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhuka huru dzinoyamwisa pasi rose. Neshumba dzinopfuura 4,000, ingwe dzinosvika chiuru, uye makudo anosvika 550, paki iyi inoonekwa senzvimbo yakanakisa muEast Africa yekuona mhuka dzinodya mhuka musango. Mapani euswa akazaruka anoreva kuti kuona mhuka zvakanaka, uye katsi dzinowanzoonekwa dzichivhima, dzichidya, kana kuti dzichizorora dzichiona mota dzinotyaira mhuka.
Paki iyi ine mhuka dzinopfuura mamiriyoni maviri dzisina ganda dzinonzi "ungulates" pamwe chete, dzinosanganisira nyuchi, mbizi, nemhara dzinotama, pamwe chete nemhuka dzinogara mupaki iyi dzinoti nyati, twiza, nzou, mvuu, uye mhando dzakasiyana dzemhara dzinosanganisira topi, nungu, mhara dzaGrant, nemhara dzaThomson.
Mhembwe dzaimbowanikwa muSerengeti dzakawanda asi dzakaparadzwa nekuvhimwa kwemhuka mumakumi emakore ekupedzisira ezana remakore rechimakumi maviri. Imbwa dzemusango dzemuAfrica, imwe mhando yemhuka dzisingatani kukuvadzwa, dziripo muhuwandu hudiki uye huchiderera. Mamwe marudzi ese emhuka dzinoyamwisa dzemuAfrica dzinogona kuwanikwa pano muhuwandu hwakanaka uye hunoonekwa.
Serengeti imhando yepamusoro pakuona shiri, ine mhando dzeshiri dzinopfuura mazana mashanu dzakanyorwa dzinosanganisira hove dzemusango dzakadai semartial eagle, bateleur, neshiri dzemusecretary, pamwe nemhou, crowned cranes, flamingos dziri pedyo nemadziva, uye mhando dzakawanda dzeshiri diki dzine mavara akasiyana-siyana.
The Kopjes: Serengeti's Rocky Islands
Makopjes (anodudzwa kuti "kopi") akapararira kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva pakati peSerengeti, ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kusiyanisa nzvimbo dzepaki. Matombo aya ekare egneiss negranite anobuda mumapani akaita sezvitsuwa zvine matombo, akaumbwa kwemamiriyoni emakore nemhepo nekushanduka-shanduka kwekupisa kwakanyanya. Nzvimbo dzinodziya nezuva, mapako ekudzivirira, uye nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzinoita kuti kopjes ive nzvimbo dzakanakira kuzorora shumba, ingwe, uye madhirezi.
Imwe kopje chaiyo muSerengeti, inozivikanwa saSimba Kopje, inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo yakafuridzira Pride Rock muDisney's The Lion King, chidimbu chinonakidza chenyaya dzisingambokundikani kufadza vashanyi vechidiki vari pasafari.
Chiziviso Pamusoro Pekuchengetedza
Nzvimbo yeSerengeti iri kuramba ichitarisana nematambudziko ekuchengetedza nharaunda. Muna 2010, hurumende yeTanzania yakaronga kuvaka mugwagwa mukuru wekutengeserana une makiromita makumi mashanu nematatu muchikamu chekuchamhembe kwepaki. Mugwagwa uyu, wakagadzirirwa kuvandudza kubatana kwenzvimbo uye kutakurwa kwenyika yese, wakavharwa nematare zvichitevera kushorwa kukuru kubva kune vanochengetedza nharaunda pasi rese. Zvisinei, kuvakwa kwawo hakuna kurambwa zvachose, uye mamiriro acho ezvinhu achiri kuenderera mberi nekunetsa pakati pevaya vanoshanda kuchengetedza nharaunda.
Kushanya kwakavimbika, kusanganisira kubhuka nevashandi vemunharaunda vane hunyanzvi, kusarudza pekugara pakanaka mukati nekunze kwepaki, uye kuremekedza mitemo yepaki panguva yekushanya kwako, kunoita basa rechokwadi mukutsigira remangwana reSerengeti kwenguva refu.
Ndeipi Nguva Yakanakisisa Yekushanyira Serengeti?
Serengeti inopa vashanyi mubayiro panguva yega yega yegore, asi chiitiko chinochinja zvakanyanya nemwaka.
Mwaka wekusanaya kwemvura kubva muna Chikumi kusvika Gumiguru unopa nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekuona mhuka. Zvirimwa zvakawanda, mhuka dzinonyanya kutenderera mvura, uye mhuka dzinodya dzimwe mhuka dzinogara dzichionekwa. Kuyambuka rwizi rweMara muna Chikunguru, Nyamavhuvhu, naGunyana ndezvimwe zvezvinonakidza zvikuru zvemhuka dzesango pasi rose.
Mwaka wegirini kubva muna Mbudzi kusvika Chivabvu unounza nzvimbo dzakasvibira, mhuka dzichangoburwa, uye kutasva shiri kwakanaka. Kukadzi ndeimwe yemwedzi inonakidza yekushanyira, sezvo mwaka wekubereka vana kuNdutu uchigadzira imwe yenzvimbo dzakakura dzezvikara muAfrica. Mwaka wegirini unowanzo kupa mitengo iri nani, mota shoma mupaki, uye mamiriro ega asingakwaniswe mwaka wepamusoro.
Shanyira Serengeti neKiwoito Africa Safaris
Kiwoito Africa Safaris iri muArusha, pasuo reSerengeti nedunhu rekuchamhembe. Chikwata cheKiwoito chakatungamira mazana evafambi mumapani eSerengeti uye chinoziva paki nenzira inobva mumakore eruzivo rwepasi. Kubva pakusarudza nguva yakakodzera yekushanya uye kukugadzika munzvimbo dzakanakisa dzemazuva ako ekufamba, kusvika pakuziva kuti mapoka emhuka dziri kufamba kupi uye kuti ndeapi akarara shumba husiku hwapfuura, vatungamiriri veKiwoito vanoita mutsauko pakati pesafari yakanaka neisingakanganwiki. Taura nesu kuti utange kuronga rwendo rwako rweSerengeti.
