Izinkolo eTanzania
ITanzania iyizwe lapho ukholo ludlala indima ebalulekile ezimpilweni zabantu zansuku zonke. Njengoba linomlando ololongwa uhwebo, ukufuduka, kanye nethonya lamakoloni, leli zwe liye lahlakulela isimo senkolo esiyingqayizivele lapho izinkolelo ezihlukahlukene zikhona khona. Kusukela ebuKristwini nase-Islam kuya ezinkolweni zendabuko zase-Afrika, inkolo ibe nomthelela kuyo yonke into kusukela kumasiko nemikhosi kuya emithethweni nasekubuseni.
UbuKristu eTanzania
UbuKristu yinkolo enkulu kunazo zonke eTanzania, cishe 60% kwenani labantu elizikhomba njengamaKristu. Yethulwa ngezithunywa zevangeli zaseYurophu ngekhulu le-19, yasakazeka ngokushesha ngenxa yokubusa kwamakholoni nomsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli kwezemfundo nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Namuhla, ubuKristu eTanzania buhlukene, bunamahlelo namahlelo ahlukene.
Amaqembu amabili amakhulu angamaKristu AmaRoma Katolika futhi AmaProthestani. AmaKatolika akha ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke, njengoba amasonto, izikole, nezibhedlela ezasungulwa izithunywa zevangeli zakuqala zisadlala indima enkulu emphakathini. ISonto LamaKatolika linamandla ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana neKilimanjaro, Kagera, neMwanza.
UbuProthestani nabo busakazekile, namahlelo anjengamaLuthela, amaSheshi, amaPentecostal, namaSeventh-day Adventist anabalandeli abaningi. Amasonto amaLuthela namaSheshi ayengamanye awokuqala ukuba nezimpande, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezazinezindawo zokuqala zezithunywa zevangeli zaseYurophu. Khonamanjalo, amasonto likaMoya bebelokhu ekhula ngokushesha ezindaweni zasemadolobheni like Dar es Salaam kanye ne-Arusha, lapho ukukhulekela okunamandla nomculo wevangeli uheha abantu abasha abaningi.
UbuKristu eTanzania bungaphezu nje kwezinkonzo zenkolo. Ithonya ukuphila komphakathi, imfundo, ngisho nemikhosi yezwe. Abantu abaningi baseTanzania, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakuliphi ihlelo, bahlanganyela emaholidini obuKristu afana noKhisimusi nePhasika, okuwenza abe imicimbi yezwe egcwele injabulo, umculo, nemibuthano yomphakathi.
Islam in Tanzania
I-Islam iyinkolo yesibili ngobukhulu eTanzania, cishe 35% labantu abazibiza ngamaMuslim. Le nkolo yafika eTanzania ngaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu kunobuKristu, ilethwa abahwebi bama-Arab abazinza ngasogwini lwaseMpumalanga Afrika ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-8. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-Islam yasakazeka phakathi nezwe ngokusebenzisa imizila yezohwebo nokuganiselana.
Iningi lamaSulumane aseTanzania Sunni, elandela izimfundiso zobuSulumane obuvamile. Nokho, zikhona futhi Imiphakathi yamaShia, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu bozalo lwase-Asia, abafika ngesikhathi sohwebo lwe-Indian Ocean kanye nesikhathi sobukoloni baseBrithani. Ihlelo lama-Ibadi, iqembu elincane, lingatholakala, ikakhulukazi eZanzibar.
Inkolo yobuSulumane igqame kakhulu ngasogwini, ikakhulukazi eZanzibar, eDar es Salaam, eTanga, nasePwani, lapho ama-mosque nezikole zamaSulumane (madrassas) ziyingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke. I-Zanzibar, ikakhulukazi, inesiko lamaSulumane eligxilile, elithonya yonke into kusukela ekugqokeni kuya emikhosini. Inyanga engcwele yeRamadan ibonwa kabanzi, ngokuzila ukudla, imithandazo, nokudla okukhethekile okuhlanganisa imindeni nemiphakathi.
Naphezu kokwehluka kwezenkolo, iTanzania ikwazile ukugcina ukuthula nokuzwana phakathi kwamaKristu namaSulumane, imishado exube izinkolo nemikhosi ehlangene ivamile.
Izinkolo Zendabuko Zase-Afrika
Ngaphambi kokufika kobuKristu nobuSulumane, amaTanzania ayesebenzisa izinkolo zomdabu zase-Afrika, futhi abaningi basakwenza nanamuhla, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Lezi zinhlelo zenkolelo ziyahlukahluka ngokwezinhlanga kodwa ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukukhulekelwa kwamadlozi, imimoya yemvelo, nemikhuba eyenziwa izinyanga noma abaholi bomoya.
Izinkolo zendabuko zisaqinile phakathi kwemiphakathi efana namaHadza, ama-Iraqw, namanye amaqembu amaMaasai, alondoloza izindlela zawo zokukhulekela zokhokho. Imikhuba ngokuvamile ihilela izindawo ezingcwele, imihlatshelo, nemikhosi yokufuna izibusiso, isivikelo, kanye nokuphulukiswa.
Ngisho naphakathi kwamaKristu namaSulumane, iminonjana yezinkolelo zendabuko isekhona. Abantu abaningi bavakashela izinyanga ukuze bathole imithi yesintu noma iziqondiso ezingokomoya, kuyilapho abanye behlanganisa imithandazo yesonto noma yama-mosque nemikhuba yamadlozi. Lokhu kuxutshwa kwezinkolelo kukhombisa amagugu ajulile aseTanzania kanye nenhlonipho yesikhathi sayo esidlule.
Ezinye Izinkolelo Zenkolo ETanzania
ITanzania futhi iyikhaya lamaqembu enkolo amancane, okuhlanganisa namaHindu, AmaBuddha, Futhi Isi-Bahá'í. Le miphakathi itholakala kakhulu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabaseTanzania abadabuka eNdiya nase-Asia.
UbuHindu bafika ngabahwebi nabasebenzi baseNdiya ngesikhathi sokubusa kweBrithani, futhi namuhla, amathempeli amaHindu angatholakala emadolobheni afana neDar es Salaam ne-Arusha. Umphakathi wamaHindu udlala indima ebalulekile kwezamabhizinisi nasekuphaneni abantu, ukusekela izibhedlela, izikole, nezinhlangano ezisiza umphakathi.
The Isi-Bahá'í Ukholo, inkolo engaziwa kangako eTanzania, lugcizelela ubunye nokuthula emhlabeni. Abalandeli bayo bahlakazeke ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zezwe, benza imisebenzi yomphakathi kanye nezinhlelo zemfundo.
Isizwe Esibumbene Ngokuhlukahlukana
Naphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinkolelo zenkolo, iTanzania yaziwa ngokubekezelelana kwayo ngokwenkolo nokuphilisana ngokuthula. Ngokungafani namanye amazwe lapho inkolo idala uqhekeko, amaTanzania akwamukele ukungezwani kwawo, agxila kulokho okubahlanganisayo kunalokho okubahlukanisayo. Ukuxoxisana ngezinkolo ezihlukene, amasiko okwabelwana ngawo, kanye nemizamo yokubumbana kwesizwe kuye kwaqinisekisa ukuthi ayikho inkolo eyodwa ebusa ubunjalo bezwe.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusesontweni eliphithizelayo eDar es Salaam, endaweni yamaSulumane ethule eZanzibar, noma endaweni engcwele emazweni amaMaasai, ukholo lusenamandla alolonga ukuphila kwezigidi. Inkolo eTanzania ingaphezu nje kwenkolelo, iyindlela yokuphila, ifa lamasiko, kanye nophawu lobunye bezwe ngokuhlukahlukana.
