Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo Okufuduka Kwezinkonkoni

Uhlolojikelele

Akukho senzakalo sezilwane zasendle emhlabeni esiqhathaniswa ne- Ukufuduka Okukhulu Kwe-Wildebeest. Izilwane ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.5 ezihamba ngesigqi esingapheli, sasendulo emathafeni aseTanzania naseKenya, ziqhutshwa yimvelo, imvula, kanye nesidingo esingapheli sokuthola utshani obusha. Buluhlaza, bukhulu, futhi buthobisa ngempela. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa amaqiniso angemuva kokufuduka, isikhathi senyanga, kanye nalokho okudingeka ukwazi ukuze uzibonele ngokwakho.

Kuyini Ukufuduka Okukhulu Kwezilwane Zasendle?

Ukufuduka Okukhulu Kwezilwane Zasendle kuwukuhamba kwezilwane okukhulu kakhulu emhlabeni, okwaqashelwa ngo-2013 njengenye yezimangaliso Eziyisikhombisa Zemvelo zase-Afrika. Unyaka ngamunye, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.35 abanentshebe emhlophe entshonalanga inkonkoni, zihlangene namakhulu ezinkulungwane zamadube nezinyamazane, zilandela indlela ejikelezayo enqamula endaweni enkulu ye-Serengeti-Mara zifuna amadlelo amasha namanzi.

Lo mzila uhlanganisa cishe amakhilomitha angu-800 esewonke, usuka emathafeni otshani obufushane eningizimu yeTanzania udlule eSerengeti ephakathi nesentshonalanga, uwele uMfula iMara ungene eMasai Mara yaseKenya, bese ubuyela emuva futhi. Umjikelezo awupheli ngempela. Ungumcimbi ohlala njalo, unyaka wonke oqhutshwa yiziphethini zemvula, onezigaba ezahlukene zokufuduka okunikeza okuhlangenwe nakho okuhluke kakhulu kuye ngokuthi uvakashela nini futhi kuphi.

Ngokubalulekile, cishe amaphesenti angama-70 okufuduka kwenzeka ngaphakathi eTanzania. Nakuba izindawo ezidumile zokuwela uMfula iMara phakathi kuka-Agasti no-Okthoba zidonsa ukunaka okukhulu, izinkumbi zichitha cishe izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye zonyaka zidla futhi zihamba endaweni yaseTanzania, okwenza iTanzania ibe yinhliziyo yangempela yokufuduka.

Inyanga Yokufuduka Ngenyanga

Ukuqonda isikhathi sokufuduka kuyisihluthulelo sokuhlela uhambo olukubeka endaweni efanele ngesikhathi esifanele.

Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMashi: Isizini Yokuqoqwa Kwezinkomo eNdutu Amathafa aseningizimu yeSerengeti kanye neNdutu yilapho ukufuduka kuqala khona isahluko sawo esiphawulekayo. Kusukela ekupheleni kukaJanuwari kuya kuMashi, isizini yokuzala kakhulu kwezilwane zasendle iqala emathafeni otshani obufushane phakathi kweNabi Gate kanye nezintaba zaseNgorongoro. Lapho isiphezulu, cishe amathole angu-8,000 azalwa nsuku zonke, kanti iningi lawo lifika ngaphakathi kwefasitela elicindezelwe lamasonto ambalwa nje maphakathi noFebhuwari.

Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwezilwane ezisanda kuzalwa kubangela esinye sezikhathi zomsebenzi onzima kakhulu wezilwane ezidla ezinye onyakeni wonke. Amabhubesi, izingulule, izingwe, izimpisi, nezinja zasendle konke kuhlangana ezindaweni zokuzala, futhi ukuzingela akupheli. Lesi ngesinye sezikhathi ezimangalisayo nezinamandla kakhulu ngokomzwelo zokuba seSerengeti, yize kusenezinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka lapho kuwela khona umfula.

Amathafa otshani obufushane aseNdutu nawo anomsoco okhethekile. Izinkulungwane zeminyaka zomlotha wentaba-mlilo ezivela ezintabeni zaseNgorongoro zicebile inhlabathi engajulile nge-calcium, i-sodium, i-nitrogen, ne-phosphorus. Utshani obukhula lapha buhlinzeka ngalokho kanye okudingwa yizinkonkoni ezikhulelwe nezincelisayo, futhi uhlelo lwemvelo luye lwathuthuka ngempumelelo eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ukuze lugxilise imihlambi kule ndawo ethile ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka.

Amathole ezilwane zasendle akhula ngokushesha ngendlela emangalisayo. Ayakwazi ukuhambahamba phakathi kwemizuzu emithathu kuya kweyisikhombisa kusukela ezelwe futhi ayakwazi ukuhambisana nomhlambi emahoreni ambalwa. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kuyindlela eqondile yokusabela ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo ekubuneni kwezilwane ezidla ezinye ezizungezile njalo lapho kuzalwa.

U-Ephreli noMeyi: Imvula Emide kanye Nokunyakaza Kwasenyakatho Njengoba izimvula zifika futhi utshani emathafeni aseningizimu buqala ukoma, imihlambi iqala ukuthuthela enyakatho idlula eSerengeti ephakathi. Lesi yisikhathi esithule kakhulu kwezokuvakasha, kunezimoto ezimbalwa emigwaqweni, izindawo eziluhlaza, kanye nomuzwa weSerengeti lapho inomoya omuhle kakhulu futhi iluhlaza.

Juni noJulayi: I-Western Corridor kanye noMfula iGrumeti Ukufuduka kuqhubekela emzileni waseSerengeti osentshonalanga, lapho uMfula iGrumeti unikeza khona indawo yokuqala yokuwela enkulu yonyaka. Izingwenya zaseNayile zilinde emanzini angajulile lapha, futhi yize izindawo zokuwela zaseGrumeti zingamagagasi kangako kunezo zoMfula iMara, zisengaba yinto emangalisayo ukuzibona.

U-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba: Ukuwela uMfula iMara Lesi yisigaba sokufuduka abantu abaningi abasicabangayo lapho becabanga ngokufuduka okukhulu kwezilwane zasendle. Njengoba imihlambi icindezela enyakatho yeSerengeti futhi iwela eMasai Mara yaseKenya, kumele ihambe ngomfula iMara, okuwukuphela komthombo wamanzi ohlala njalo ongasekela ukufuduka phakathi nenkathi yesomiso.

Ukuwela akubikezeleki, kuyaphithizela, futhi kuyamangalisa. Izinkulungwane zezilwane zasendle zihlangana ogwini lomfula, zisebenza ngokuxokozela ngaphambi kokungena emanzini, zilwa nomsinga, futhi zigijima emgodleni wezingwenya ezinkulu zaseNayile ezilinde emanzini. Ezinye izindawo zokuwela zihlanganisa amashumi ezinkulungwane zezilwane. Ezinye zikhishwa ngokuphelele lapho izilwane ezihamba phambili zilahlekelwa yisibindi futhi umhlambi ubuyela emuva. Akekho umqondisi ongakutshela ngqo ukuthi ukuwela kuzokwenzeka nini, futhi lokho kungabikezeleki kuyingxenye yalokho okwenza ukufakaza kube namandla kangaka.

UMfula iMara ubalulekile ekusindeni kokufuduka. Uma umfula ungaphela, ngenxa yamadamu noma ukugawulwa kwamahlathi phezulu emfuleni iMara, imiphumela ingaba yinhlekelele. Izilinganiso zisikisela ukuthi cishe izinkumbi ezingama-500,000 zingafa ngonyaka wokuqala kuphela.

Novemba kuya kuDisemba: Ukubuya eNingizimu Njengoba izimvula ezincane zifika ngoNovemba, imihlambi iqala uhambo lwayo lokubuyela eningizimu idlula eSerengeti, iqedela umjikelezo waminyaka yonke futhi izibeke endaweni efanele isizini yokuzala ezoqala ngoJanuwari.

Amaqiniso ayi-10 Ngokufuduka Okukhulu Kwezilo Ezingamangaza

Imihlambi iyonke idla cishe amathani angu-4,800 otshani nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokufuduka. Ukuze kunikezwe leso silinganiso, leso isisindo sezindlovu ezindala zase-Afrika ezingaba ngu-800 ezisotshanini, ezidliwa nsuku zonke.

Cishe izingwenya ezingama-300,000 ziyakhulelwa zingakapheli inyanga eyodwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lapho izinkunzi zincintisana ngamandla ngezindawo zesikhashana kanye namalungelo okuzala. Ukuzalanisa okuhambisanayo yikho okukhiqiza isizini yokuzala okuhambisanayo, futhi lokho kuqhuma kokuzalwa okugxilile yikho okunqoba izilwane ezidla ezinye futhi kuvumela amathole anele ukuba aphile aze abe madala.

Amathole angaba ngu-250,000 azalwa minyaka yonke ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwamathole, kanti angaba ngu-8,000 kuya ku-12,000 afika ngosuku esicongweni. Naphezu kokucindezela okungavamile kwezilwane ezidla ezinye, cishe ingxenye yawo wonke amathole azalwayo azosinda aze abe madala.

Ukufuduka kungenisa cishe amathani angu-3,500 obulongwe endaweni ye-Serengeti nsuku zonke. Lokho kulingana nezinqola zesitimela ezingaba ngu-70 ezigcwele ngokugcwele zobulongwe nsuku zonke, okuhlinzeka ngezakhamzimba ezibalulekile ezitshalweni futhi kusekela izinhlobo ezingaba yi-100 ezahlukene zezintuthwane zobulongwe kule nqubo.

Izilwane zasendle yizo izazi zemvelo ezizibiza ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-keystone. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwaminyaka yonke kwamathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.7 otshani kuvula izindawo ezinkulu zamadlelo ezinye izinhlobo ezihlanganisa i-zebra, i-hartebeest, kanye ne-gazelle. Ngaphandle kwezilwane zasendle zasendle, isakhiwo sonke kanye nokukhiqiza kwezindawo zotshani zaseSerengeti bekuzoshintsha kakhulu.

Ukufuduka akupheli ngempela. Kuwumjikelezo oqhubekayo, unyaka wonke ongenasiqalo futhi ongenasiphelo, oqhutshwa ngokuphelele yisilinganiso semvula yonyaka kulo lonke uhlelo lwemvelo.

Yisiphi Isikhathi Esingcono Kakhulu Sokubona Ukufuduka Okukhulu?

Inyanga ngayinye yonyaka inikeza ulwazi oluhlukile nolungokoqobo lokufuduka. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sincike ngokuphelele kulokho ofuna ukukubona.

Ukuze uthole isikhathi sokuzala kanye nesenzo esinamandla sezilwane ezidla ezinye izilwane, vakashela phakathi kokuphela kukaJanuwari noMashi. Ukuze uthole izindawo ezidumile zokuwela uMfula iMara, hlela uhambo lwakho phakathi kokuphela kukaJulayi no-Okthoba. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthule kakhulu, olungabizi kakhulu, nolunesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu seSerengeti kanye nokufuduka okugcwele kanye nezimoto ezimbalwa kakhulu, u-Ephreli, uMeyi, noNovemba kuyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu.

Bona Ukufuduka Okukhulu neKiwoito Africa Safaris

Isikhathi sibalulekile ngokufuduka, futhi ukwazi ukuthi uzibeke kuphi esigabeni ngasinye sonyaka ulwazi oluvela kokuhlangenwe nakho emhlabeni. I-Kiwoito Africa Safaris, ese-Arusha, iqondise abahambi ekufudukeni iminyaka eminingi, futhi ithimba le-Kiwoito liyazi kahle i-Serengeti, kusukela ezindaweni zokuzala eNdutu kuya ogwini lomfula lapho kwenzeka khona ukuwela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna ukubona isiphithiphithi sokuzala ngoFebhuwari, ukuwela imifula okumangalisayo ngo-Agasti, noma isizini eluhlaza enomhlambi ohambayo, i-Kiwoito izokwakha uhlelo oluzokubeka endaweni efanele. Xhumana nathi ukuze uqale ukuhlela uhambo lwakho lokufuduka.