Ipaki yeSizwe iMkomazi

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Ipaki yeSizwe yaseMkomazi – “Ikhaya Lemikhombe Emnyama”

IMkomazi National Park ikwindawo esemantla eTanzania, phakathi Moshi kunye neTanga. Ipaki izifumana ikwindawo entle eneentaba zombini iPare kunye neUsambara ezinde ngaphezulu kwemida yayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu, iMount Kilimanjaro nayo inokubonwa kwipaki.

Le paki ithatha ngaphezu kwe-3,234 yeekhilomitha ezikwere (323,400 ha), kwaye ilawulwa zizityalo zeAcacia-Commiphora; idibana neTsavo West National Park yaseKenya. Ummandla oqhele ukubizwa ngokuba 'yiMkomazi' lumanyano lweendawo ezimbini zokugcina iinyamakazi zangaphambili, iUmba Game Reserve esempuma (kwiSithili saseLushoto, kwiNgingqi yaseTanga) kunye neNdawo yoLondolozo lwezilwanyana iMkomazi esentshona (kwiSithili saseSame, kwiNgingqi yaseKilimanjaro); kumaxwebhu karhulumente, ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa ziiMkomazi-Umba Game Reserves. Kwezi zimbini, uMkomazi mkhulu kwaye uneentlobo ngeentlobo zoncedo nendawo yokuhlala kunye nomda owabelwana ngawo neTsavo West National Park. Kolu ngenelelo luseleyo, 'uMkomazi' uya kubhekisa kuzo zombini iindawo zolondolozo zaseMkomazi naseUmba kunye.

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-Wildlife Mkomazi kuphela kwepaki yesizwe eTanzania apho unokubona zonke iintlobo ze-rareantelope ze-Sahel Biosphere, indawo eyomileyo enwebeka emazantsi ukusuka kwiNtlango yeSahara. Ezi ziquka iikudu ezingaphantsi, igerenuk, kunye nebeisa oryx. Amathafa avulekileyo abanzi aseMkomazi, angqamane neeNtaba zePare kunye neUsambara, anika ithuba lokujonga imihlambi emikhulu yezilwanyana zezilwanyana kulo mhlaba umhle ngokumangalisayo, mkhulu.

Ngokuphathelele uhlaza, uMkomazi uphawula incam esemazantsi yommandla weSahel ofana nendawo eyomileyo, efana nentlango. Ngenxa yemozulu, uhlaza lunemithi ye-acacia-Commiphora, kwaye ukuya kwiintaba zasentshona uhlaza luyatshintsha lube lihlathi elisemhlabeni owomileyo.

Kananjalo iMkomazi National Park yindawo entle kakhulu yokuya kubabukeli beentaka. Zingaphezulu kwama-450 iintlobo zeentaka ezirekhodwayo, kuqukwa neentlobo ezininzi ezikhethekileyo zasemantla elizwe elomileyo ezifana neenkwenkwezi zeShelley kunye netchagra enemigca emithathu. Ikwayindawo ekuphela kwayo eTanzania apho unokubona khona i-vulturine guineafowl. Iintaka ezinkulu ezisemhlabeni ezifana nenciniba, i-Kori bustard, i-secretary bird kunye ne-sothern ground hornbill zixhaphake kakhulu kumathafa anengca. Iintlobo ezifudukayo ezifana ne-European roller zikhona ukusuka ngoNovemba ukuya ku-Epreli.

Imbali yePaki yeSizwe yaseMkomazi

Njengeepaki ezininzi zesizwe kunye neendawo zokulondoloza iinyamakazi, imbali yaseMkomazi yenye yezinto ezikhuphisanayo, abakhuphisana abaphambili ngabacwangcisi bolondolozo lukarhulumente kunye nabasebenzisi bezibonelelo zasemaphandleni. Yahlukile kwezinye iimeko ezininzi eMpuma Afrika ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi obulinganiselweyo kwindawo yogcino kwakuvunyelwe ekuqaleni. Xa kwakusekwe uMkomazi okokuqala inani leentsapho zabelusi besizwe saseParakuyo zavunyelwa ukuba ziqhubeke nokuhlala apho kunye namawaka ambalwa eenkomo zabo, iibhokhwe kunye.
iigusha. Urhulumente (wobukoloniyali) welo xesha wabavumela ukuba bahlale apho kuba babeneminyaka emininzi bekuloo ndawo kwaye kwakucingelwa ukuba abasayi kuyigrogrisa ingqibelelo yendalo kulo myezo.
Abalusi babevumeleke kuphela kwisiqingatha esisempuma salo vimba. Abafuyi abangamaMaasai abasuka kwamanye amazwe kunye neentsapho ezisuka kwezinye iintlanga zagxothwa xa kwakusekwa lo vimba. Nangona kunjalo, uMkomazi wakhawuleza wangenwa kukufudukela kwamanye amazwe ngabanye abelusi, abanye bechaswa ngabahlali baseParakuyo, abanye beququzelelwa ngabo. Kunjani ngokufuywa kwemfuyo yabahlali kunye nemfuyo yabaphambukeli abangena kulo myezo, amashumi eminyaka okuqala embali yaseMkomazi yayigqunywe kukwanda kweenkomo. Izilwanyana ezimalunga nama-20,000 zabalwa kwisiqingatha esisempuma salo myezo ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1960. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970 abalusi baqala ukuhlala betyisa kwisiqingatha esisentshona salo mmandla wolondolozo kwaye phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1980 malunga nama-80,000 eenkomo zabalwa ngaphakathi kulo myezo uphela. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwakukho amawaka angakumbi awayeyisebenzisa ngamaxesha athile. Uninzi lwaba bantu bafudukayo yayingamaMasai, ahlobene ngokusondeleyo namaParakuyo, athetha ulwimi olunye yaye ethetha iilwimi ezininzi.
Izithethe. Kodwa nabelusi balapha bezinye iintlanga ezifana namaSamba namaPare, baluse amawaka eenkomo ngaphakathi eMkomazi.
Ubuninzi beenkomo ngaphakathi kulo vimba bubangele inkxalabo enkulu kwindalo esingqongileyo kwaye bekukho uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lokuba zikhutshwe. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980 urhulumente wagqiba kwelokuba aphelise imvume yokudlisa eMkomazi kwaye wabagxotha bonke abalusi. NgoJulayi 1988 oku kugxothwa kwagqitywa. Abefundisi baseMaasai nabaseParakuyo abagxothiweyo baphikisana nokuba semthethweni kokugxothwa kwabo, bebanga amalungelo esintu kwindawo yolondolozo kwiinkundla zaseTanzania, kodwa baphulukana netyala labo. Emva kwe
ukugxothwa kwemibutho yaseBritane yesisa, iGeorge Adamson Wildlife Preservation Trust kunye noodade bayo baseMelika, iTony Fitzjohn, iGeorge Adamson African Wildlife Preservation Trust ibe nomdla eMkomazi, kwaye ukusukela ngoko bebeqhuba iphulo lokubuyisela lo myezo. Baye bamisela iindawo ezibiyelweyo zezinja zasendle zaseAfrika nemikhombe emnyama, kwaye babuyisela iziseko zophuhliso lwalo myezo nokuxhasa uluntu lwasekuhlaleni ngenkqubo yalo yokufikelela ebantwini.

Owona mthombo wamanzi eMkomazi National Park usuka kwi Umlambo waseUmba kumzantsi-mpuma. Ngaphandle koko, ipaki ibona imvula encinci kakhulu unyaka wonke isenza ukuba iimidlalo zokuqhuba ecaleni komlambo zibe nexabiso.

Awona malungu adumileyo eenzalelwane zaseMkomazi ngokuqinisekileyo zizinja zasendle zaseAfrika kunye nemikhombe emnyama esengozini ehlala kwindawo yabucala. Le paki ikwayenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokubona imihlambi emikhulu yeeoryx kunye neegerenuks zizulazula ngokukhululekileyo kwihlathi elivulekileyo. Ezinye izilwanyana ezanyisayo ezincinci nezinkulu ezithi iMkomazi likhaya lazo ziquka iingonyama, amahlosi, iingwenkala, iingcuka, oodyakalashe, iindlovu, iinyathi, amavuba, iindlulamthi, neentonga.

Uluntu olusempilweni lweentlobo zeentaka ezingama-450 lukwafumaneka epakini kwaye iintlobo ezininzi zinokubonwa ngexesha lokuqhuba umdlalo. Ezona zilwanyana zidla ngokubonwa zibandakanya iintaka ezizihambelayo, iinciniba, amaxhalanga, amaxhalanga kunye neentaka. KuMlambo iUmba, kuxhaphakile ukubona iikingfishe, iiflamingo, iicormorants, iiplover, amadada neengwenya ezihlala elunxwemeni.

Mihla le, amawakawaka abantu adlula kumgama weekhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka eMkomazi komnye weendlela ezixakekileyo zaseTanzania. Aba kunye nabahamba-hambayo besekethe esemantla bamkelekile ngoku kakhulu ukuba bafumanise ubuncwane balo mmandla wesavannah enenduli ethe tyaba, ikhaya lemihlambi emikhulu yendlulamthi, i-eland, i-hartebeest, iqwarhashe, inyathi, kunye nendlovu.

UMkomazi likhusi elibalulekileyo lezilwanyana ezimbini ezisemngciphekweni wokuphela, umkhombe omnyama onomtsalane kunye nenja yasendle yase-Afrika enentlalo-ntle, zombini ezi zaphinda zaphinda zaphinda zaphinda zaziswa ngempumelelo ngeminyaka yee-1990. Izinja zasendle ngokwendalo, izinja zasendle zinokubonwa phantse naphina epakini, nangona kunjalo, umkhombe omnyama uthintelwe kwindawo ebiyelweyo, uqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwawo ngokukhuselekileyo ukuze izizukulwana ezizayo zibe nolonwabo kunye nempumelelo.

UMkomazi uxhasa iintlobo ezininzi zeengcali zelizwe elomileyo ezinqabileyo kwenye indawo eTanzania; ezi ziquka i-orix ene-fringe-eared oryx, neempondo zayo ezinde ezitshayelayo ngasemva, kunye neqhude elihle elineempondo ezi-spiral-lesser. Eyona nto ingaqhelekanga yigerenuk, ibhadi elahlulwa ngentamo ecekethekileyo, intloko engaqhelekanga efana neyasemzini, nomkhwa wokuma mde ngemilenze yangasemva njengoko yolulela amagqabi omnga angenakufikelelwa ngabanye abakhangeli beencwadi.

Indawo yogcino lwezilwanyana ukusukela ngo-1951, le Paki yeSizwe intsha ithatha igama layo kwigama lesizwe samaPare elichaza “isele yamanzi”, libhekisa kumanzi amancinci. Yindawo entle ekufikelelwa kuyo ababukeli beentaka, ngeentlobo zeentaka ezingaphezulu kwama-450 ezirekhodiweyo, phakathi kwazo kukho iindawo ezihlala kwilizwe elomileyo njenge-cobalt-chested vulturine guinea-fowl, ezinye iintaka ezinkulu ezisemhlabeni njengenciniba, i-kori bustard, umabhalane intaka, umhlaba. hornbill, kunye nezinye iintlobo ezifudukayo kuquka roller Eurasian.

Indawo

Umntla weTanzania wahlukana phakathi kwemimandla yolawulo yaseKilimanjaro kunye neTanga. Le paki imida kwintshona yeTsavo National Park eKenya. Isango lokungena laseZange liziikhilomitha ezili-112 (iikhilomitha ezingama-69) ukusuka eMoshi, iikhilomitha ezingama-550 (iikhilomitha ezingama-341) ukusuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saMazwe ngaMazwe sase-Mwalimu JK Nyerere – eDar es Salaam, iikhilomitha ezingama-142 (iikhilomitha ezingama-88.7) ukusuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseKilimanjaro, iikhilomitha ezingama-120 (iikhilomitha ezingama-75) ukusuka eKilimanjaro. Ipaki yeSizwe kunye neekhilomitha ezi-6 (iikhilomitha ezi-3.7) ukusuka kwidolophu yaseSame.

Indlela yokufika khona
Ngenqwelomoya: Iinqwelomoya zeCharter ziyafumaneka kwiKisima Airstrip kumbindi wepaki kufutshane nomkhombe
ingcwele.
NgeNdlela: IPaki yi-142km ukusuka kwiSikhululo seSikhululo seSikhululo saMazwe ngaMazwe sase-Kilimanjaro, ama-202km ukusuka kwisiXeko sase-Arusha kunye nama-550km ukusuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saMazwe ngaMazwe seJulius Nyerere (JNIA). Isango lokungena eZange likwi-6km ukusuka eSame Town.
IPaki ikwafikeleleka ngokulula kulungiselelo olulodwa ngeNjiro, iKamakota kunye neUmba Gates.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni eMkomazi National Park

Umdlalo weDrive

Imbonakalo ebanzi eyahlukahlukeneyo, ubuhle obuvuthuza ingqondo, imvakalelo yokuba wedwa ngokupheleleyo izisa ulindelo lwe-adventure Ngexesha lokuqhuba umntu uyakwazi ukubona izinto ezimangalisayo ezinjenge-fringe eared Oryx, Lesser Kudu kunye neGerenuk ezinqabileyo kwenye indawo eTanzania.

uhambo lokuhamba

Ayisiyiyo le uyibonayo! Yindlela oyibona ngayo! Ukushiya isithuthi sakho se-safari kunye nokuthatha uhambo kule ndalo engabonakaliyo ngaphandle kophawu lokungena komntu kushiya umntu eneenkumbulo ezingunaphakade.

IiNduli zokuHamba

Imbonakalo-mhlaba yaseMkomazi ityebile ngeenduli nto leyo ebangela ukuba kube nzima ukuba phezulu ukuze kubonwe iiMbono ezinkulu. Ukuhamba okufutshane ukuya kwiiyure ze-4 kunye nokunyuka okude (ngaphezulu kweeyure ze-4) kunokucwangciswa. •

Intaka ibukele

IMkomazi yindawo entle kakhulu yokuya kubabukeli beentaka. Ineentlobo zeentaka ezingaphezu kwama-450 kwaye yeyona ndawo kuphela eTanzania apho unokuyibona khona intaka. Iintaka ezinkulu ezisemhlabeni ezifana nenciniba, i-kori Bustard, iSecretary bird kunye ne-ground hornbill zixhaphake kakhulu kumathafa anengca. Iintaka ezifudukayo ezifana ne-European roller zikhona ukusuka ngoNovemba ukuya ku-Epreli. Ungaphoswa leli thuba linqabileyo ngokucwangcisa uhambo lwakho lokuya eMkomazi kunye kiwoito Afrika Safaris .

Indawo yokulala eMkomazi National Park
Kukho izindlu ezitofotofo, iinkampu ezineentente ezisisigxina kunye neziza ezikhethiweyo zikawonke-wonke nezabucala. Kwabo banqwenela ukuhlala ngaphandle kwepaki, kukho iihotele kunye nezindlu zeendwendwe kwiDolophu iSame ekufutshane kuquka; Inkampu kaBabu, Ikampu yeRetreat yaseMkomazi Wilderness, Elephant Motel, Mambo View Point Eco Lodge, Tanapa Zange Bandas.