Ipaki yeSizwe yeSerengeti

IPaka yeSizwe yaseSerengeti (Ithafa elingapheliyo)

Ubungakanani bePaki yeSizwe yaseSerengeti: 14,763 sq km (5,700 square miles)
IPaka yeSizwe yaseSerengeti yasekwa: Ngowe-1951 - yaba yindawo yeLifa leMveli le-UNESCO kwi-1981
Umgama wePaki yeSizwe yaseSerengeti ukusuka kwiSixeko sase-Arusha: I-335 km (208 yeekhilomitha)

Iimbalasane:

Ipaki yeSizwe yeSerengeti yindawo eyi-World Heritage Site enyakazela zizilwanyana zasendle: ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 zeembumbulu, iingonyama ezingama-4000, amahlosi angama-1000, iingwenkala ezingama-550, kunye neentlobo zeentaka ezingama-500 ezihlala kwindawo ekufutshane ne-15,000 yeekhilomitha ngobukhulu. Sijoyine kwi-safari kwaye uphonononge amathafa angapheliyo aseSerengeti anemithi kunye ne-kopjes apho iingonyama ezinkulu zilawula ubukumkani bazo; jonga kwiMfuduko Enkulu ngoloyiko okanye ufumane ingwe ebalekayo kwihlathi elisemlanjeni. Okanye ubone yonke into ngokujonga iliso lentaka kwaye ubhabha phezu kwamathafa ekuphumeni kwelanga ngexesha le-safari yebhaluni yomoya oshushu. Ukhetho lwendawo yokuhlala luza kulo lonke uluhlu lwamaxabiso - isandi seengonyama ezigqumayo ebusuku siyancomeka.

I-Serengeti ikumntla welizwe kwaye yabelana ngomda wayo osemantla kunye neKenyan Masai Mara Game Reserve kunye nomda wayo osemazantsi kunye neNdawo yoLondolozo lweNgorongoro.

I-Serengeti imele ibonwe kuye nabani na ofuna ukuya kwi-safari njengoko ipaki ikunye neMaasai Mara eKenya ukuphela kwendawo yolondolozo e-Afrika apho unokubona ukufuduka konyaka kwekhulu lamawaka eebra kunye ne-gnus engaphezu kwesigidi. Ukongeza ekubeni likhaya lezilwanyana ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezithathu, le paki ikwaqhayisa ngeembonakalo zomhlaba ezahlukeneyo.

Iinqukazi ezisisigidi… nganye kuzo iqhutywa sisingqi esinye samandulo, izalisekisa indima yayo yethuku kumjikelo ongenakuphepheka wobomi: isiphithiphithi seeveki ezintathu soloyiso lwemimandla nokukhwelana; ukusinda kwezona zinto zinamandla njengeentsika ezinde eziziikhilomitha ezingama-40 (iikhilomitha ezingama-25) zintywila kumanzi azaliswe ziingwenya kwimfuduko yonyaka emantla; ukuzalisa iintlobo ngogqabhuko-dubulo olufutshane lwabantu oluvelisa ngaphezu kwamathole angama-8,000 yonke imihla phambi kokuba uhambo oluyi-1,000 km (600 miles) luqale kwakhona.

Ngelixa uqhuba umdlalo kumathafa asemazantsi adumileyo uya koyiswa lulwandle oluthe tyaba olungapheliyo lwengca. Imithi ekulo mmandla ibonakala kuphela kwindawo enkulu yegranite ebizwa ngokuba yi-kopjes. Ezi kopjes zilikhaya leembaleki kodwa ezonqenayo zamatye kunye nomxube wezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezifana namacilikishe anemibala yentula kunye neenyoka. Ngaphandle koko, amatye ayindawo efanelekileyo yokuphumla kweengonyama, amahlosi kunye neengwenkala. Iikati zibonakala zikhetha iikopjes njengoko zisebenza njengendawo elungileyo yokubona amaxhoba anokubakho kodwa zikwanika umthunzi ofuneka kakhulu ngexesha eligqats' ubhobhoyi elangeni lase-Afrika kwaye zinika ikhusi kumantshontsho azo. Zonke iikopjes zithiywe kwaye ezona zixhaphakileyo yiSimba, iGol, uPhando, kunye neMoru kopjes.

Intlambo yaseSeronera yintliziyo yepaki, kwaye apha uhlaza luyatshintsha lwenza amathafa anamachaphaza omnga, apho iingonyama namahlosi zihlala zibonwa. Iindonga zoMlambo iSeronera zinemithi yesundu eshinyeneyo, imithi yesoseji, kunye nemithi yomthi ye-yellow fever. Ummandla ongqonge umlambo uyaphithizela ziindidi zeentaka ezahlukeneyo kunye nemihlambi emikhulu yeehempe ezineentloko ezimnyama, iingwamza, kunye neentaka ezizingelayo. I-Retina Hippo Pool inokufumaneka kwingingqi yaseSeronera kwaye kulapha apho unokufumana ukujonga kakuhle kwezi zigebenga zithambileyo kwindawo yazo yendalo.

Ngaphaya, ngakwiCorridor yaseNtshona, uhlaza luyatshintsha kwakhona. Ubukhulu becala lo mmandla uqulathe umhlaba omgxobhozo, onemithi ye-savannah, edume ngomhlaba womqhaphu omnyama ongahambekiyo ngexesha leemvula. Imilambo emibini emikhulu kulo mmandla, iGrumeti kunye noMlambo iMbalageti yomibini ingena kwiLake Victoria entshona. Umlambo iGrumeti udume ngeengwenya ezinkulu ezithanda ukugcakamela ilanga emini ngelixa ihlathi elingqonge lo mmandla lilikhaya leenkawu ezinqabileyo zepatas.

Inxalenye esemantla yale paki ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngamaplanga avulekileyo, amahlathi agudle umlambo, neentaba. Kulapha emantla apho umlambo omkhulu waseMara uhamba kwaye ngulo mlambo, ngokukodwa, zonke izilwanyana ezifudukayo zoyika ukuwela njengeengwenya ezinobungakanani obufikelela kwi-5 m zilele ngaphantsi komhlaba. Inxalenye esemantla ye-Serengeti incinci kakhulu kwiindwendwe, iyenza ibe yindawo enhle yamava e-safari.

ISerengeti likhaya lolona fuduko lukhulu lwezilwanyana kwindalo. Ngaphezu kwe-1.5 yezigidi zeenqu ezimhlophe kunye namaqwarha angama-250,000 athatha inxaxheba kuhambo oluyi-1000 km lokukhangela amadlelo aluhlaza. Ngexesha lokuhamba kwabo besiya kumadlelo atyebileyo, kufuneka boyise owona mqobo uyingozi kuhambo, uMlambo iMara, odume ngezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo zangaphambili, iingwenya.
Ngaphandle nje kokufuduka kwaminyaka le, iSerengeti ikwalikhaya “kweengonyama ezinkulu, iindlovu, iinyathi, imikhombe namahlosi kwaye kuthiwa iSerengeti yeyona ndawo ineengonyama ezininzi eAfrika. Amahlosi ahlala ebonwa ephumle ngelixa imihlambi emikhulu yeendlovu kunye neenyathi zisitya kwi-savannah. Nangona le paki ikwalikhaya lemikhombe embalwa kakhulu emnyama, ayifane ibonwe njengoko ithanda ukuzimela kwiindawo ezinamatyholo ale paki.
Kodwa asizozilwanyana ezanyisayo kuphela ezihlala apha ngaphezu kweentlobo ezingama-500 zeentaka eziquka iinciniba, iintaka ezinonobhala, iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zamaxhalanga neenkozi, amarhanisi aseYiputa, oonothwathwa abantsundu, oompondo zihlanjiwe, iiKori bustards nezinye ezininzi. Ipaki yeSizwe yaseSerengeti.

AMASANGO ESERENGETI NATIONAL PARK

Isango laseNaabi

Isango iNaabi likwimpuma yeSerengeti National Park kwaye lelinye lawona masango asetyenziswa kakhulu. Isango limi kwiikhilomitha nje ezimbalwa ukusuka kumda osempuma weSerengeti kunye neNgorongoro Crater, encotsheni yeenduli ezikuphela kwayo kulo mmandla ezinezimvo ezimangalisayo zamathafa angenasiphelo. Isango likaNaabi yindawo yokukhangela yolawulo eneofisi ye-TANAPA ne-NCAA. Esangweni, ungahlawulela kwaye ufumane iimvume zombini iSerengeti National Park kunye neNgorongoro Crater, kwaye isebenza njengendawo yokungena kunye nendawo yokusuka kuzo zombini iindawo.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto eziluncedo esangweni ziquka ivenkile yekofu, kunye nevenkile eqhelekileyo enezikhumbuzo, iimephu kunye nokutya.

Isango leNaabi lihamba ngeyure enye kuphela ukusuka kwindawo yaseSeronera kunye ne-1 yemizuzu engama-30 ukusuka eLake Ndutu kunye neMyuziyam yaseOlduvai Gorge. Eyona ndlela yokulala ekufutshane nesango ibandakanya iNaabi Private Camp, iNamiri Plains Camp, iSerengeti Serena Safari Lodge, iAsanja Africa, iLake Ndutu Luxury Tented Lodge, kunye neNgorongoro Wild Camp phakathi kwezinye.

Fort Ikoma Gate

IFort Ikoma Gate lelinye lamasango asemthethweni okungena nokuphuma eSerengeti National Park. Itholakala kumda waseMntla-ntshona wepaki, iikhilomitha ezimbalwa kumzantsi weendawo zokungena zeGrumenti Game Reserve kunye neRobanda yokuhlala. Emnyango kukho iofisi yokhuseleko, iivenkile, amagumbi okuphumla, kunye TANAPA iiofisi zolawulo, apho abakhenkethi banokubhatala imali yokungena epakini. Iintlawulo kwisango laseFort Ikoma zenziwa nge-elektroniki kusetyenziswa amakhadi edebhithi nawetyala amkelwa kumazwe ngamazwe.
Indawo yaseSeronera yiyure enye kuphela ukuya esangweni, i-Butiama yiyure ezimbini ukuya esangweni kwaye i-Mwanza i-4 kwiiyure ze-5 ukuya esangweni. Eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokulala kufutshane neSango laseFort Ikoma iquka iNkampu yeNtente yaseIkoma, iNkampu yaseIkoma Wild, iOsinon Camp, iGrumeti Migration Camp, kunye neMapito Tented Camp.

Isango likaKlein

I-Klein's Gate ikwindawo ekumntla-mpuma weSerengeti National Park, isetyenziswa kakhulu ngabahambi abasuka kwindawo yaseLoliondo elawulwa ngamaMaasai omthonyama. Abakhenkethi abasebenzisa isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseLobo kunye nesikhululo seenqwelomoya saseKlein's Camp banokusebenzisa isango laseKlein ukuze bangene epakini. Eyona ndlela yokulala ikufutshane kunye neKampu ye-Beyond Klein, i-Buffalo Luxury Camp, i-Sayari Camp, i-Taasa Lodge, kunye ne-Africa Safari Serengeti Bolongoja.

Ndabaka Gate

Isango likaNdabaka likwindawo esentshona yale paki, ecaleni kohola wendlela iMusoma-Mwanza. Lelona sango likhethwa kakhulu kwaye lisetyenziswa rhoqo ngenxa yokuba kufutshane neMwanza. Isango likaNdabaka likufuphi neLake Victoria, malunga neeyure ze-2 ukuya emantla e-Mwanza kwindawo esenyakatho-ntshona yeTanzania, kwaye kufuphi ne-Seronera, malunga neeyure ze-2 ukuya empuma ye-Mwanza. Abakhenkethi banokuhlawula imirhumo yokungena epakini besebenzisa amakhadi ebhanki nawetyala amkelwe kumazwe ngamazwe. Eyona ndawo intle yokulala kufutshane neSango likaNdabaka ibandakanya iNdabaka Campsite, iLittle Okavango Camp, kunye neSpeke Bay Lodge phakathi kwezinye.

Isango laseBologonja.

ISango leBologonja ikumda osemantla weSerengeti National Park kunye neMasai Mara National Reserve, ezantsi kumda weKenya-Tanzania. Isango laseBologonja kuphela kwesango elingasentla elinesithuba somlindi, kwaye likwindawo enemithombo embalwa engaphantsi komhlaba ekhokelela emilanjeni.
Isango laseBologonja lisebenza njengendawo yokungena kunye nokuphuma, kwaye likwasebenza njengendawo yolwazi, indawo yokuphumla kwindlela esentshonalanga eya eKogatende, kunye nendawo yokungena kwi-Masai Mara National Reserve. Eyona ndawo intle yokulala kufutshane nesango laseBologonja ibandakanya iAngata Migration Camp, iLemala Mara River Camp, kunye neTaasa Lodge phakathi kwezinye.

Isango leHandajega

Ipaki yeSizwe yaseSerengeti enomtsalane yeNdalo

I-SAFARI YOKUFAKA IZINYANYA
IMfuduko Enkulu yaseWildebeest e-Afrika - ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Gnu Migration, i-Serengeti Migration kunye ne-Masai Mara Migration - yenye yeentshukumo zokugqibela zezilwanyana zasendle ezishiyekileyo emhlabeni. Sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba kutheni abahambi abaninzi besiya eKenya naseTanzania kuhambo lokufuduka, ngakumbi phakathi enyakeni.

Ukufuduka yenye yezona zinto ziphambanisayo kwindalo: ixesha libalulekile, kodwa akukho ndlela yokuqikelela ixesha lokuhamba kwezilwanyana. Siyazi ukuba inqu (kunye nokuntlithwa kweqwarhashe nenyamakazi) iya kuwela uMlambo iMara – kodwa akukho mntu waziyo ukuba nini kanye kanye. Siyazi kananjalo ukuba imvula iya kuxhokonxa inqu ukuba iye edlelweni elitsha – kodwa akukho mntu waziyo ukuba iya kuna nini na imvula.

Ngethamsanqa, siye sacwangcisa i-Wildebeest Migration safaris e-Afrika ukususela ngo-1998. Siye sanceda amawaka abahambi ukuba babe kwindawo engcono kakhulu ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Ukuba ujonge ingcebiso yesicwangciso sobuchule, ungajongi ngokubhekele phaya. Siqulunqe zonke iingcebiso zethu zengcali kwesi sikhokelo siluncedo sabaqalayo kwi-Wildebeest Migration safari…

Isebenza Njani Ukufuduka Okukhulu?

Ngaba iMigration River Crossings inokuqikelelwa?

Hayi, kwanenqu ingazi ukuba iza kuwela nini na! Abanye bafika emanzini baze badade ngokukhawuleza; abanye bafika baze bachithe iintsuku bejinga emadlelweni; abanye bayafika bajike babuyele apho babevela khona. Sinqwenela ukuba sinokuxela kwangaphambili ukunqumla, kodwa akukho mntu unako. Yiyo loo nto kungcono ukuba ube nexesha elininzi kwi-safari ngangokunokwenzeka ukuba unethemba lokubona ukuwela umlambo.

Yeyiphi iNyanga yokuFuduka kweenqu?
Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ukuba iMfuduko yeeWildebeest yenzeka kuphela phakathi kukaJulayi no-Okthobha, kodwa yimfuduko ehlala ishukuma, ejikelezayo eneziganeko ezahlukeneyo kodwa ezivuyisayo ngokulinganayo ezenzeka unyaka wonke. Ukuwela imilambo okudumileyo kudla ngokungqamana nexesha eliphezulu lesafari (Juni ukuya kuOktobha), kungoko imbono yokuba eli kuphela kwexesha lonyaka apho inqu isendleleni okanye inokubonwa.

Luqala Phi Olu Mfuduko Olukhulu?
Ngenxa yokuba iMfuduko Enkulu ilulwelo, unyaka wonke intshukumo yezilwanyana ezimalunga nezigidi ezibini kwi-ecosystem ye-Serengeti-Mara, akukho ndawo zichaziweyo zokuqala okanye zesiphelo. I-Gnu Migration ibangelwa ziimvula zaseMpuma Afrika kwaye izilwanyana zilandela indlela yakudala zikhangela amadlelo namanzi amatsha. Olu hambo lubalaseleyo lunqumla amathafa eMasai Mara eKenya, ukuya kutsho emazantsi eSerengeti yaseTanzania nakwincam yeNgqungquthela yaseNgorongoro, ngaphambi kokuba ijike iphinde ijikeleze kwicala elingasekunene.

Kutheni Iinqu Zifuduka?
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba iMfuduko Enkulu eAfrika ilawulwa ngokuyintloko yindlela inqu isabela ngayo kwimozulu. Zihamba emva kweemvula kunye nokukhula kwengca entsha, ngokusisiseko zilandela ithuku lokufumana ukutya ukuze ziqhubeke ziphila. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba inqu ibangelwa yimibane neendudumo ezikude, kodwa abukho ubungqina obungokwenzululwazi boko.

Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa?
Uqhekeko lweNyanga ngeNyanga lokuFuduka okuKhulu

Ngokutshintsha kwemozulu, amaxesha emvula amade namafutshane eTanzania naseKenya awasekho rhoqo okanye aqikelelwe ngendlela ebekade enza ngayo. Imvula inokufika emva kwexesha okanye kwangoko, nto leyo eya kuphosa ikhalenda yonke yeenkonkoni ngaphandle kwesync. Oku, kwakhona, kutheni kubalulekile ukucwangcisa ixesha elininzi kwi-safari ngangokunokwenzeka. Awukwazi ukubhabha ngobusuku obubini, ubone umlambo uwela kwaye ubhabhe uphume kwakhona – indalo ayisebenzi ngolo hlobo.

Esi sisikhokelo esiqheleke kakhulu apho imihlambi ikhoyo apha enyakeni - sikhumbula ukuba yonke iMfuduko ye-Gnu iqalwa yimvula, enokuba kwangoko, emva kwexesha okanye ngexesha:

uJanuwari

Imihlambi ikwiSerengeti National Park yaseTanzania, ihambela emazantsi ukusuka kummandla osemantla-mpuma ukuya kwindawo ekufuphi neLake Ndutu. I-Serengeti ayibiyelwanga, ngoko ke imihlambi ikhululekile ukuba ihambe kwindawo enokudlelwa kuyo. Khumbula ukuba nangona zifikelela kwizigidi ezibini zeenqu, iqwarhashe kunye neenyamakazi ezivela kwiMfuduko yaseSerengeti, azikho kumhlambi omnye. Izilwanyana ziyahlukana zibe yi-mega-mihlambi yamawaka okanye amakhulu abantu ngexesha.

NgoFebruwari ukuya kuMatshi

Lixesha lokuzala (ngaphezu kwama-8,000 abantwana benqu bazalwa mihla le!) ngoko zilungiselele amathole amaninzi angcangcazelayo… kunye nentliziyo ebuhlungu njengoko amarhamncwa awoyikekayo egxalathelana. Iikati ezinkulu zeSerengeti zithatha isabelo sengonyama, kodwa zibetha zibaleke oodyakalashe, amaqela ezinja zasendle, neziduko zeengcuka zongeza kulo mbono. Yibhaladi ekrakra; isangqa sobomi sidlalwa njengomdlalo weqonga ophilayo.

Ukuba ixesha elifutshane lemvula (Nov–Dec) livelisa amadlelo amahle, imihlambi idla ngokuphithizela ize ihlale kumathafa asemazantsi eSerengeti de iqalise ngokuthe chu ukuya ngasentshona ngoMatshi.

UTshazimpuzi

Kukuqala kweemvula ezinde (Epreli–Meyi) kwaye imihlambi iqhele ukushenxa emantla-ntshona ukuya ngaseMoru naseSimba Kopjes. Ixesha lonyaka lokurutha (ukuzala) likwintshukumo epheleleyo, libonisa i-testosterone-fuelled joust phakathi kweenkunzi ezikhuphisana ngelungelo lokukhwelana neemazi ezamkelayo.

UCanzibe

Iinqwelo ziqengqeleka! Imihlambi emikhulu isendleleni, iintsika ezinkulu ezifikelela kuma-40 eekhilomitha (iikhilomitha ezingama-25) ubude ngamanye amaxesha zinokubonwa njengefaneli yeenqukazi ukuya kumbindi weSerengeti. Wonke umntu uhamba ngokukhawuleza ngoku njengoko amathole omelele.

Isilimela

Iinqu zidla ngokuba sembindini weSerengeti kwaye zilungiselela eyona ndawo inzima kwi-odyssey yazo. Imihlambi inokuba yahlukene, abanye sele bewela umlambo iGrumeti.

EyeKhala

IMfuduko Enkulu ifikelele kwingingqi yaseGrumeti nakwiindawo ezisemantla eSerengeti kwaye ijonge ngokusondeleyo kumanzi anobuqhophololo oMlambo iMara kufuneka bawelele eKenya. Ngoba? Iingwenya ezinkulu zeNayile, yiyo loo nto!

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza ngokuchanekileyo ukuwela imilambo - zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiimvula kunye nezilwanyana zasendle ezihlala zingalindelekanga ngokwazo. Kubalulekile ukubhukisha uhambo lwakho lweWildebeest Migration e-Afrika ukuya kuthi ga kunyaka phambi kokuba ufumane indawo yokulala phezu okanye kufutshane nomlambo kangangoko – oku kunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba ukuya kwiindawo zokujonga. Inqu ineendawo ezinqumlayo ngokwembali kwaye unokuchitha iintsuku ezixhonyiweyo ngethemba lokubona isenzo. Sincoma ukukhetha inkampu ye-safari ehambayo ehamba kunye nokuFuduka ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukwindawo efanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

EyeThupha

Ngokuqhelekileyo uAgasti ugqalwa njengelona xesha lilungileyo lokuzibonela ukuwela imilambo ukusuka kumntla weSerengeti ukuya kutsho kwiMasai Mara. Uya kudinga incwadana yokundwendwela ukuze uwele eKenya; iinqu azikhululeki. IMasai Mara National Reserve ivulelekile kumalungu oluntu ukuze ufumane amava e-safari ekhethekileyo, intloko yezolondolozo zabucala ezihambelana nolondolozo.

EyoMsintsi

Imihlambi iyahlukana ibe ngamaqela amancinane, njengoko ingezizo zonke iinqu ezifudukela eKenya. Ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sezilwanyana ezisele kumantla eSerengeti, ezinye zitshintshisana ngamabali emfazwe eMasai Mara. Ngoko, usenokuzibona iinqu eSerengeti (kungekhona nje iinkomo ezinkulu) kodwa njengomgaqo ngokubanzi, iMasai Mara yeyona ndawo ilungileyo yokubona ukuFuduka ngoSeptemba.

EyeDwarha

Ukubheja kwakho okuhle kuseMasai Mara, kodwa khumbula ukuba yindawo yokugcina indawo encinci kuneSerengeti kwaye kusenokubakho ezinye iindwendwe ezininzi. Iindawo ezingabamelwane zabucala zixinene kakhulu kwaye, awuzukwazi nje ukubona ukuFuduka, kodwa uya kuba negalelo ngokuthe ngqo kuluntu lwamaMaasai oluhlale apho amawaka eminyaka. Ngaphezu koko, ungonwabela ukubukela umdlalo ongekho endleleni, ukuhamba ebusuku kunye nokuhamba nge-safari - imisebenzi engavumelekanga kwindawo yogcino kazwelonke.

EyeNkanga

‘Ngonyaka oqhelekileyo,’ iimvula ezimfutshane ziye zaqalisa, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iinqu ishiye ingca eMasai Mara ibuyele eSerengeti ehlaziyiweyo. Khumbula ukuba imvula isenokufika emva kwexesha okanye kwangoko, nto leyo engalindelekanga.

Imihlambi iqhele ukuhamba kodwa inokubonwa kwindawo ezikumntla-mpuma weSerengeti apho inokwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela amancinane kuhambo lwawo olusiya emazantsi.

Icebiso: nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ngeAfrika njengendawo eshushu, imvula inokupholisa izinto ngendlela emangalisayo. Uzakuphuma kusasa nasemva kwemini uqhuba umdlalo – ilanga libuthathaka kakhulu ngala maxesha. Thatha ubuncinane ibhulukhwe enye, izihlangu ezivaliweyo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nodaka, kunye noboya begusha okanye ibhatyi engenamanzi.

EtiMnga

Ingca entsha ibona inqu isiya emazantsi, igquma iSerengeti esemantla nasempuma ukuya esidlweni kwaye ilungiselela enye into eyingozi, ekwiikhilomitha eziyi-3,000 (1 900-mi) odyssey.

Isikhathi yinto yonke

Ukuhamba minyaka le kweenqu kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezitya utyani kwi-ecosystem ye-Serengeti-Mara akufane kufane ngokubhekiselele kwixesha elichanekileyo kunye necala.

Ixesha Elilungileyo Lokuhamba
Leliphi elona xesha lilungileyo lokuhamba kwiSafari yokuFuduka?

Ngoku uyazi ukuba i-Great Wildebeest Migration e-Afrika isebenza njani, unokubona ngokulula ukuba ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuhamba lixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiziganeko onomdla wokuzibona. Khumbula, iSerengeti kunye neMasai Mara ubuninzi bezilwanyana zasendle kunye neendawo ezivulekileyo zemihlaba zibenza zibe iindawo ezintle zonyaka wonke.

Indawo emalunga nexesha loMnyhadala
Ukuzala (Ukuzala) Ixesha likaFebruwari ukuya kuMatshi kuMazantsi eSerengeti
Rutting (Ukuzala) Ixesha lonyaka kuEpreli ukuya kuMeyi eNtshona nakuMbindi weSerengeti
Ukuwela uMlambo iGrumeti ngoMeyi ukuya kuJuni kuMbindi weSerengeti
Ukunqumla koMlambo iMara ngoJulayi ukuya kuAgasti kuMntla weSerengeti kunye neMasai Mara
KwiHambe ngoNovemba ukuya kuJanuwari iMasai Mara kunye neNorthern Serengeti ukuya kuMazantsi eSerengeti
Qaphela: oku kungasentla yimihla eqikelelwayo kuphela. Ukufuduka kweeWildebeest ngunyaka wonke, uhambo olujikelezayo kwaye ukuwela umlambo akunakuqikelelwa. Maxa wambi imihlambi yayihlala iiveki ezimbini, kanti ngamanye amaxesha yayiwela izihlandlo ezine ngosuku olunye!

Imiba ephambili ekufuneka uyikhumbule

Uninzi lweMfuduko lwenzeka eSerengeti.

Luhambo lonyaka wonke, olujikelezayo.

Ukuwela imilambo akunakucingelwa, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka phakathi kukaMeyi no-Agasti.

Izilwanyana zixhonywe kwindawo enkulu - zihlala zihamba phambili kunye ne-stragglers.

Elona thuba lakho lokubona ukuwela umlambo lisenokuquka ukuchitha imini yonke kwindawo apho iinqu ziye zaxinana khona. Ukuba ungumfoti onomdla, amathuba akho angcono anokuthi afumaneke emva kwemini xa ilanga kunye nelanga ligqats' ubhobhoyi, ke yenza amalungiselelo okuyivumela le nto.

IJoloji yeSerengeti National Park
I-ecosystem yaseSerengeti iyinxalenye yethafa eliphezulu elingaphakathi eMpuma Afrika. Ithambeka ukusuka kwezona ndawo ziphakamileyo kwi-crater highlands (kwindawo yokuphakama kwe-3,636 yeemitha) ukuya kwi-Speke Gulf kwiLake Victoria (iimitha ezingama-920 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle).

Iindawo eziphakamileyo zibangelwa yintaba-mlilo enxulumene neeplate tectonics zeRift Valley. Lo mmandla usenentaba-mlilo enye: iOl Doinyo Lengai, ethetha 'intaba kaThixo' ngolwimi lwasekuhlaleni lwesiMaa. Funda konke malunga nejoloji yeSerengeti kweli phepha.

Imilambo eSerengeti

Amathafa aseSerengeti akumphakamo ophakathi kwe-1,600 ne-1,800 leemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Imithombo emininzi yemilambo ikhupha amanzi kwindawo. UMlambo iMara osemantla uqukuqela usuka kumahlathi eMau akwimimandla ephakamileyo yaseKenya, ukuya emazantsi ngeMasai Mara National Reserve, uze usentshona utyhutyhe emantla eSerengeti, uphumele kumagxokozo amakhulu eMasarua, uye ekugqibeleni ungene kwiLake Victoria eMusoma. Lo kuphela komlambo oqukuqelayo ngokusisigxina kwi-ecosystem yaseSerengeti. Ixhasa amahlathi ashinyeneyo emilambo kwiindonga zayo eMara nakwimijelo yayo emikhulu eSerengeti National Park. Emazantsi eMara ziindawo ezinxuseneyo zomlambo iGrumeti kunye neMbalaget ezenza iWestern Corridor yeSerengeti National Park. Emazantsi kukho imilambo iDuma, iSimiyu kunye neSemu emincinane kakhulu equkuqela kwiMaswa Game Reserve. Lo mmandla uyaguquguquka kwaye usasazwe yimijelo emininzi emincinci yexesha lonyaka ethi ingene kwimilambo emikhulu.

Iinduli kunye neentaba

Kukho iinduli ezinyuka ngomnqantsa ukusuka kulo mhlaba uthe tyaba. Elinye ibhendi lenza umda womntla-mpuma weSerengeti National Park emahlathini, ubalekela emantla ukusuka eGrumechen ukuya eKuko, emva koko ujoyine iLoita Hills eKenya. Iintaba zeGol ziphuma kumathafa aseSerengeti empuma yepaki. Elinye ibhendi lisuka eSeronera ngasentshona ecaleni kwepaseji ukuze lenze i-Central Ranges, kwaye iqela lesithathu leenduli lisemazantsi zenza i-Nyaraboro-Itonjo plateau.

Umhlaba kunye nembali yentaba-mlilo

I-West of the line Mugumu - I-Seronera amatye angaphantsi amandulo (i-600 yezigidi ukuya kwi-2.5 yezigidigidi zeminyaka) kwaye iquka amatye e-volcanic ye-Precambrian, i-ironstones edibeneyo kunye ne-granite empofu yamaminerali. Amatye asePrecambrian sedimentary kade agqume eli khaka kwaye enze iinduli ezisembindini nezisemazantsi. Empuma ye-Seronera, i-granite kunye ne-quartzite zenza iinduli zasempuma kunye ne-kopjes. Ipaseji yasentshona yeyembali yamva nje yokwakheka komhlaba; yintlenge engadityaniswanga kunye ne-alluvial formations, eyenza isiseko semihlaba etyebileyo yezondlo. I-Crater Highlands ziintaba-mlilo zexesha le-Pleistocene kwaye ziquka amatye asisiseko kunye ne-basalt. I-volcano enye, i-Ol Doinyo Lengai, isasebenza kunye nogqabhuko-dubulo lokugqibela olusukela kwi-2013.

IAfrika lilizwekazi elidala. Ubungqina bubonisa ukuba indala njengeminyaka eyi-4 yezigidigidi, indala kuneYurophu okanye eMntla Melika. Siyakwazi ukubona obu budala buvela emoyeni (ngoko ke yiba nembono entle xa ufika kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseKilimanjaro). Izigidi zeminyaka yokuguquguquka kwemozulu ziye zathi tyaba iintaba zaza zajika iindawo ezininzi zaseAfrika zaluthotho lwamathafa neenduli ezingapheliyo. Enye into eyahlukileyo yinkqubo yeRift yaseMpuma Afrika esebenzayo ngokwejoloji.

I-East African Rift yindawo apho iipleyiti ezimbini zetectonic zihamba zisuka kwenye. Iintanda eziye zaphumela ekubeni zivelise iRift Valley enkulu neentaba-mlilo ezikuwo omabini amacala ayo. IKilimanjaro, iMount Kenya, neMount Meru zezinye zezona mizekelo yaziwayo yeentaba-mlilo zeRift. Nangona iNgorongoro Crater ibonakala ngathi yintaba-mlilo engasekhoyo, uhlolisiso lwezejoloji lubonisa ukuba ayizange igqabhuke, nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabamelwane bayo batshoyo. I-Ngorongoro Crater yi-caldera, okuthetha ukuba intaba idilika ngokwayo njengoko iipleyiti zetectonic zihlukana.

Iintaba-mlilo ze-East African Rift zisencinci ngokwentelekiso. Njengoko ezi ntaba-mlilo zazigqabhuka, zagubungela imimandla esempuma yeSerengeti ngothuthu namasuntswana amakhulu. Olu thuthu lwentaba-mlilo emathafeni ludala uhlobo oluthile lomhlaba olutyebileyo ngezimbiwa. Imihlaba yaseMpuma ineetyuwa ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nesodium, potassium, kunye necalcium. Umhlaba apha awukho nzulu ngenxa yokwenziwa kwekhalcareous hardpan, nekwaziwa ngokuba yicaliche. Ngexesha leemvula zengingqi, iityuwa ziyakhukuliseka emhlabeni. Njengoko amanzi esuswa ngokufunxwa kwezityalo, izinto ezinyibilikayo ziyakhawuleza kwaye umaleko wecaliche uyakhula kwaye udibanise isamente ngekalika. Imihlaba yaseSerengeti iba nzulu ngakumbi (apho i-hardpan ithi shwaka) ukuya kumathafa asemntla-ntshona kunye nakwimimandla enemithi, ngenxa yemvula eninzi kunye nekhalsiyam encinci. Kumanqanaba emvula aphezulu kakhulu ukuba kungabunjwa i-hardpan, uphawu lomhlaba lwecatena luyafunyanwa. Oku kukuthambeka kweentlobo zomhlaba ukusuka kumphezulu womqolo ukuya kwimpompo yokuhambisa amanzi, ebonakala ngomhlaba onesanti, ongekho nzulu, otsalwe kakuhle phezulu uguquka ube ngumhlaba ongakhutshelwanga kakuhle kunye nentlenga enzulu emazantsi. Ezi catenas zenza ngenxa yokuhla kwexesha elide kwamasuntswana omhlaba acolekileyo asuka ezantsi.

Kopjes

Ngaphantsi kwamatye nothuthu lwentaba-mlilo, umhlaba weSerengeti National Park ngumaleko oshinyeneyo wamatye amadala kakhulu. Iqamza elikhulu legranite engamanzi lanyathela phezulu ukusuka kwilitye elinyibilikayo elingaphantsi koqweqwe loMhlaba ukuya kwiTanganyika Shield ekupheleni kwexesha lePrecambrian. Namhlanje, njengokuba amatye athambileyo ephela, aveza umphezulu ojijekileyo walo maleko wegranite, enze i-kopjes (ebizwa ngokuba yi-'kop-eez'). I-granite iyaqhekeka ngokufudumeza okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokupholisa phantsi kwelanga laseAfrika kwaye ifakwe kwiimilo ezinomdla ngumoya. Uninzi lweekopjes zingqukuva okanye zinamatye angqukuva.

I-Kopjes luphawu olwahlukileyo lwenkangeleko yelizwe laseSerengeti kwaye isoloko ibizwa ngokuba 'ziziqithi ezikulwandle lwengca'. Ziyakhusela kwimililo yamatyholo, zibamba amanzi amaninzi kwindawo ethe ngqo, zinika izilwanyana indawo yokuzimela, nendawo yokubukela amarhamncwa. Amakhulu eentlobo zezityalo akhula kwi-kopjes, kodwa hayi kwiindawo ezinengca ezingqongileyo. Iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana zihlala kwi-kopjes kuphela ngenxa yobukho bezi zityalo kunye nezizathu zokukhusela. Ezi zilwanyana ziquka izinambuzane, amacilikishe, iinyoka, kodwa nezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezifana neeshrews neempuku, ukuya kuthi ga kwizilwanyana ezincancisayo ezinkulu, ezifana neengonyama. I-Kopjes yenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokubona iingonyama, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iingwenkala okanye amahlosi.

Serengeti kopjes iinkcukacha

Moru kopjes

ITanzania ineendawo ezintle zomhlaba kunye nezinto ezimangalisayo zendalo, ukusuka kumaThafa aseSerengeti ukuya kutsho kwiKilimanjaro. Ephakathi kobu buncwane baseMpuma Afrika kukho ubutyebi bejoloji eyaziwa ngokuba yiMoru Kopjes. Oku kumila kwamatye kubangel’ umdla kububungqina bembali ebangel’ umdla yokwakheka komhlaba. Kule post yebhlog, siza kuthabatha uhambo lokufumana umtsalane weMoru Kopjes.

Yintoni iMoru Kopjes?

IMoru Kopjes luthotho lwelitye lelitye lenyengane elikumazantsi eSerengeti National Park eTanzania. Igama elithi “kopje” lithatyathwe kwigama lesiBhulu elithetha “induli encinane,” yaye lizichaza ngokugqibeleleyo ezi ndlela zikhethekileyo zokwakheka komhlaba. Zinyuka ngokumangalisayo ukusuka kumathafa amakhulu aseSerengeti, ezi kopjes ngokwenene zingumbono onokuzijonga.

Imvelaphi yeGeological

Imvelaphi yeMoru Kopjes isukela emva kwizigidi zeminyaka. Umsebenzi ocothayo kunye nomonde wendalo wabumba olu kwakheka okumangalisayo. Iikopjes zenziwa ikakhulu ngegraniti, eyake yatyhilwa yimagma enyibilikayo phantsi komphezulu woMhlaba. Ngaphezulu kwewaka leminyaka, igranite yaphola kwaye yomelela, ekugqibeleni yavezwa ngokhukuliseko.

Yintoni eyenza iMoru Kopjes yahluke?

Imbonakalo eNcincisayo: amathafa eMoru abonisa umahluko phakathi kwamadlelo engca aseSerengeti. Amatye amakhulu e-granite aphuma kwithafa elithe tyaba, edala imbonakalo yelizwe langaphandle. Ukudityaniswa kwezityalo ezichumileyo ngokuchasene neekopjes ezimagqagala liphupha lomfoti.

I-Wildlife Haven: Ezi kopjes zizinto ezimangalisayo zejoloji kwaye likhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zasendle. Iingonyama, amahlosi, iingwenkala kunye neengcuka zisebenzisa iikopjes njengendawo ebalaseleyo yokuzingela, nto leyo ezenza zibe yindawo entle kakhulu kubantu abathanda izilwanyana zasendle.

Ukubaluleka kweNkcubeko: I-Moru Kopjes ibambe ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko kubantu basekhaya baseMaasai. Bazijonga ezi ziseko njengezingcwele kwaye bahlala besenza amasiko ebangqongileyo. Ukuphonononga i-kopjes kunokubonelela abatyeleli ngengqiqo enzulu yelifa lenkcubeko yommandla.

Ukuphonononga iMoru Kopjes

Ukundwendwela iMoru Kopjes luhambo olukhethekileyo, ngezantsi yinto onokuyilindela ngexesha lophononongo lwakho:

Ukunyuka intaba kunye nokuNyuka kweLiwa: Kubakhenkethi abanomdla ngakumbi, ukunyuka intaba kunye nokunyuka amatye yimisebenzi edumileyo ejikeleze iKopjes. Iimbono zepanoramic ukusuka phezulu ziyamangalisa.

Ukuphuma nokutshona kwelanga: Ungaphoswa lithuba lokubona ukuphuma okanye ukutshona kwelanga eMoru Plains. Imibala efudumeleyo yelanga ngokuchasene namatye egranite yenza umoya womlingo.

Ukulandelela iRhino: La mava anika ithuba elingaqhelekanga nelithobayo kwabo bafuna unxibelelwano olunzulu nendalo kunye nethuba lokufaka isandla kulondolozo lwezilwanyana ezisengozini. Ngezikhokelo zeengcaphephe kunye nemvelaphi yeendawo eziphefumlayo zikaMoru, la mava anyanzelekile ukuba ashiye uphawu olungacimekiyo kwinkumbulo yakho kwaye akhuthaze uxabiso olukhulu ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseSerengeti. I-Moru Rhino Centre isebenza njengokwazisa kwakhona okukhulu kweBlack Rhinos esemngciphekweni wokuphela, kwaye ungajoyina ababukeli ukuze ubone iBlack Rhinos apha. Kufuneka ubhukishe kwangethuba.

Masityelele iMoru Kopjes

UMoru Kopjes ume njengamangqina athuleyo kwimbali yejoloji yoMhlaba kwaye usebenza njengeseyile apho indalo ipeyintwe ubume bobomi. Le mizobo yemifanekiso ingaphezulu nje kwamatye; zibubungqina bobudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kokwakheka komhlaba, izilwanyana zasendle, nenkcubeko embindini weAfrika.

Ukuphonononga i-Moru Kopjes ngamava angenakulibaleka, anika umbono welizwe elimangalisayo le-Serengeti elidlulela ngaphaya kwee-savannahs zalo ezidumileyo. Nokuba ungumthandi wejoloji, umthandi wezilwanyana zasendle, umfoti, okanye umkhenkethi wenkcubeko, iMoru Kopjes inento enokunika wonke umntu, iyenza ibe yindawo ekunyanzelekileyo ukuba uyindwendwele kuye nabani na ondwendwela iindawo zasendle zaseTanzania.

U-Simba unako

I-Simba Kopjes zezona kopjes zinde epakini kwaye zihlala zihlala iingonyama. I-Simba Kopjes iphakama njengabalindi abakhulu kumathafa avulekileyo kwaye, njengoko igama libonisa, yindawo elungileyo yokubona iingonyama. Eyona kopje iphezulu ibizwa ngokuba yiSoit Naado Murt (eMaasai, iLitye elineNtamo ende). Amaqela emidlalo ajikelezileyo arhangqa i-kopjes kwaye kukho ichibi leimvubu elincinane emazantsi. Ngasentshona kukho iChibi laseMagadi elingekho nzulu nelinotyuwa. Amanzi afana neglasi eLake Magadi yindawo entle yokuhlanganisana kweeflamingo ezipinki.

Iqela leKoppjes okanye iinduli ezinamatye ezingaphakathi kweSerengeti National Park - ecaleni kwendlela eya eSeronera ukusuka kwiSango leNduli yaseNaabi. Zisebenza njengekhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana – indawo elungileyo yokubukela iinyamakazi ingakumbi iingonyama namahlosi achitha ixesha elininzi leemvakwemini apha.

Kwenziwa ntoni apho?

Ukubukela imidlalo, ubukhulu becala iingonyama – ngokuqhelekileyo umngxunya omnye onokubonwa xa kukhangelwa, okanye ukulandela apho uninzi lwezithuthi zokhenketho zisingise khona. Kukwakho neentaka ezininzi kunye neentlobo zezityalo ezinokubonwa kulo mmandla.

Elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyelela Naliphi na ixesha lonyaka, njengoko iindlela eziya kuyo zingasetyenziswa nangexesha lemvula. Kodwa iinyanga zokuqala zonyaka zisenokuba zezona zifanelekileyo ukujonga ukufuduka kweenqu emathafeni.

Indawo ye Simba kopjes

I-Simba Kopjes ibekwe macala omabini endlela yomhlaba esuka eSeronera ukuya kwiSango leNduli yaseNaabi - ekuphela kweqela leenduli ezinamatye kuyo. Kumacala omabini kukho amathafa angenasiphelo ukuya kuthi ga ngoku njengoko unokubonwa ngamehlo.

Indlela yokufika khona

Ngesithuthi, njengoko izikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezikufutshane ziseSeronera okanye eLake Ndutu – ezifuna umgama omalunga neyure ukuya eKopjes ukusuka apho. Kungenjalo, ukuba usebenzisa isithuthi, ke indawo malunga nesiqingatha seyure ukusuka Naabi Hill esangweni kunye neyure ukusuka Seronera.

Izithuthi ezisetyenzisiweyo zinokuba zezabucala, iirenti, iikhenkethi kunye nokuhamba ngaphandle kokukhetha uhlobo lwesithuthi - ukuba nje zikwazi ukuphatha iindlela ezidumileyo zeSerengeti.

IBHALONI SAFARI ESERENGETI: INGABA IFANELE?
ISerengeti ngummangaliso wendalo obonakala ngokubalaseleyo kuluhlu lweebhakethi zabahambi. Idume kakhulu ngoluhlu lwayo olumangalisayo lwezilwanyana zasendle, imihlaba emangalisayo, kunye namachibi amnandi - ilitye lokwenyani laseAfrika! Ukuthabatha indawo enkulu ye-30,000 yeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha, kuninzi okubonayo nokwenzayo ukuba kuya kuthatha iihambo ezininzi ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha yonke into enokukunika ngaphandle kokuba, ewe, uneyona ndawo iphakamileyo yokujonga - umoya! Yiloo nto i-safari ye-balloon e-Serengeti ihambisa ngayo kwaye akukho ndlela ingcono okanye evuyisayo yokubona imihlaba kunye nezilwanyana ezimangalisayo zaseAfrika.

Ngamava obomi bonke njengoko uphuma nelanga kwaye ngobunono ubhabha emoyeni uye kulo naliphi na icala oya kulo umoya wakusasa. Ngumboniso ohlabayo njengoko ubona imihlambi yeenqu, iinqaba zezindlulamthi, okanye ibhongo leengonyama ezibaleka emathafeni aseSerengeti kumakhulu ambalwa eemitha ngaphantsi kwaye iliso lakho litsibela kuzo zonke iikona ezinokwenzeka, ujabule kwiadrenalin kunye nemiphunga “ wow” kunye no “oh” kuphela kwamagama onokuwahlanganisa. Ifanelekile njengoko ingomnye wolo hambo oya kulukhumbula ngalo lonke ixesha.

INGABA ISEBENZA KANJANI?
Kukho iinkampani ezininzi ze-safari zebhaluni yomoya oshushu, kodwa kusacetyiswa ukuba ubhale ngaphambili lo msebenzi udumileyo kwiholide yakho ye-Serengeti safari. Lo msebenzi awunakuququzelelwa ngosuku kwaye ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwimozulu evumayo, awukho unyaka wonke. Ixabiso ngomntu ngamnye limalunga nama-500 ukuya kuma-600 e-USD, eligubungela ukukhwela, i-toast ye-champagne emva kokufika, kunye nesidlo sakusasa esimnandi sasehlathini esinokukhethwa kwi-vegans / imifuno.

Ixabiso libonisa iindleko eziphezulu zokugcinwa nokulungiswa kweebhaluni ngokunjalo neminye imisebenzi yaphambi nasemva kokuqaliswa, kubandakanywa ukusungulwa nokubuyiselwa kwakhona kunye nothutho lwendlela ukuya nokubuya kwindawo yophehlelelo. Uhambo ngalunye lukwafuna umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ogunyazisiweyo kunye neqela eloyikekayo elimalunga nama-20. Khumbula kwakhona ukuba, ngenxa yokuba ubunzima bebhaloni bubalulekile kukhuseleko, abakhweli abanobunzima obungaphezu kwe-120 (iikhilogram ezingama-265) kusenokufuneka bagcine iindawo ezimbini. .

Ngaloo ndlela, inokuba lixabiso elikhulu kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nabahambi abaqhelekileyo, kodwa ukuba ikwindlela yakho, imvakalelo oya kuyifumana xa uphezulu kwaye ujonge ezantsi kwindawo engakholelekiyo engezantsi ayinaxabiso. Ke ewe, iyixabiso le-100%. Iibhaloni zinkulu kwaye iingobozi ezitofotofo zinokwazi ukuhlalisa abantu abamalunga ne-8 ukuya kwi-16 kuhambo ngalunye ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani. Ngeli xesha, ngabantwana abangaphezulu kweminyaka esixhenxe kuphela abavumelekileyo kuhambo kwaye kufuneka bakhatshwe ngumntu omdala.

UHAMBE NINI
Ixesha elomileyo (ngoJuni ukuya ku-Oktobha) lixesha elifanelekileyo le-safari yebhaluni eshushu eSerengeti. Ngexesha leemvula zikaMatshi, ngo-Epreli, noMeyi, ezinye iinkampani ziya kunika iindwendwe, nangona i-flight yangempela iya kuxhomekeka kwiimeko zemozulu - ukuba kunemvula kakhulu okanye kunomoya, indiza iya kucinywa kwaye intlawulo yakho iya kubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo. . Ukuba usenexesha elaneleyo leholide yakho, inqwelomoya inokuphinda imiselwe olunye usuku. Ngombulelo, ixesha lonyaka elomileyo likwalelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokungqina ukuFuduka okuKhulu, ukudada ngokuthe cwaka ngaphezulu kwalo mboniso umangalisayo kuthetha ukuba ukonwabele ubomi bonke.

NTONI UMA UPHAKWE
Zisa iibinotyhulasi zakho kunye nekhamera ye-DSLR, ukuze babambe ezo mbonakalo zibalaseleyo zingezantsi ukuze kungabikho mazwi anokwenza ubulungisa kuzo. Uyakufuna ukunxiba iimpahla ezitofotofo kwaye uzisongele kwimigangatho embalwa eyongezelelweyo njengoko ihlala ibanda ngaphambi nangexesha lokuhamba, nangona ifudumala kamva.

OKO KUFANELE UVULE
Ukulandwa kusesekuseni ngentsimbi ye-5/5.30 AM kwaye unokuthatha ikofu kunye nesidlo sakusasa esilula phambi kokuba uhambe kwindawo yakho yokulala. Endleleni yakho yokuya kwindawo yokuphehlelelwa, unokubona izilwanyana zasebusuku obungekhe udibane nazo nangaliphi na elinye ixesha losuku.

Kukho isishwankathelo sokhuseleko saphambi kokuqaliswa esivela kumqhubi wenqwelo-moya ngelixa ibhaluni inyuswa. Ixesha lokubhabha limalunga neyure enye kwaye ibhaluni inokunyuka iye kwi-1 ft iveza ubuhle obukhulu kunye nepanorama emangalisayo yeSerengeti engezantsi. Umqhubi wenqwelomoya unokulawula ngokuchanekileyo umphakamo webhaluni yakho, ngamanye amaxesha ebhabha kumphakamo womthi ukuze ukwazi ukubona izilwanyana kwindawo ezikufutshane.

Xa ufika, uya kwamkelwa nge-champagne yolwamkelo lokuthotywa "maisha marefu", okuguqulela "kubomi obude". Emva koko isidlo sakusasa sasehlathini esimnandi kumbindi weSerengeti silindile, sigqibezela oko kuqinisekileyo ukuba lelinye lawona mava achulumancisayo.

Ngaba ibhaluni yomoya oshushu isafa eSerengeti ifanelekile? Ngokuqinisekileyo! Ngoko, ulindele ntoni? Qhagamshelana nathi namhlanje kwaye uqinisekise ukuba unethuba lokungqina ubungangamsha beAfrika ukusuka kwesona sihlalo sibalaseleyo endlwini!

Izilwanyana zasendle kwiPaki yeSizwe yaseSerengeti
I-Serengeti ayililo nje ikhaya leMfuduko eNkulu kunye neBig Five kodwa ibamba intaphane yeentlobo zezilwanyana zasendle ezimangalisayo.

Sikhuthaza wonke umntu otyelela iSerengeti National Park ukuba ajonge ngaphaya kweBig Five. I-Serengeti ibonelela kakhulu malunga neentlobo zezilwanyana kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuqonda ukuba lo mmandla uhluke kangakanani. Ngezantsi siye sachaza ezinye zeembalasane.

Abaxhasi

Izirhubuluzi, iiAmphibians kunye neentlanzi

Intshutshana

uphenyo

Izilwanyana zasendle emathafeni
I-Serengeti ayigcini nje ngokuba yimihlambi emikhulu yezilwanyana ezifudukayo kodwa kunye nezona ziqwenga ezinkulu zehlabathi. Uqikelelo lubeka iinqu phakathi kwe-1.3 kunye ne-1.7 yezigidi, iqwarhashe liphakathi kwama-200,000 kunye nebhadi likaThomson kunye neGrant malunga nama-500,000. Le mihlambi ixhasa malunga nama-7,500 eengcuka, ukuya kutsho kuma-4,000 eengonyama kunye nama-500 ukuya kuma-600 engwenkala.

Umgama ongapheliyo abafuduki baquka iinqu, iqwarhashe, ibhadi likaThompson kunye ne-eland. Ngokunjalo, ibhadi likaGrant nalo lihamba umgama othile, nangona kuncinci okwaziwayo malunga nalapho aya khona. Abafuduki baxhaswa ngamathafa kwixesha leemvula, kodwa bambalwa kuphela abakwaGrants kunye neenciniba zikaThompson ezihlala apho kwixesha lonyaka elomileyo. IiOryx zenzeka kumathafa eSalai, kodwa zinqabile kwaye amanani azo awaziwa.

Izilwanyana zasendle emahlathini
Iindawo zokuhlala zineentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana. IiTopi zifumaneka kuwo wonke amaplanga, kodwa zenza imihlambi emikhulu kumathafa amanzi epaseji yaseNtshona kunye nommandla weSerengeti Mara kwaye azikho empuma. Ngokwahlukileyo kwisihlobo sabo esisondeleyo, i-kongoni, ikhetha iindawo zehlathi zasempuma kunye namathafa engca ende. I-Impala, i-steinbuck, i-dik dik, indlovu kunye nenyathi ziyasebenza kuyo yonke imimandla yehlathi kwaye ziwaphepha amathafa. Ekuqaleni kwewaka leminyaka, iindlovu zazinqabile eSerengeti, kodwa uphando lwasemoyeni olwenziwa ngo-2014 lwabala abantu abangaphezu kwama-8,000 kwi-ecosystem ye-Serengeti-Mara, xa kuthelekiswa ne-1986 emalunga nama-2,000. Eminye imithombo ithi olu lwando lubangelwa yintshutshiso engakumbi ngaphandle kwemimandla ekhuselweyo, kodwa enoba siyintoni na isizathu, iindlovu zixhaphake ngakumbi kunokuba zazinjalo kwiminyaka elishumi ngaphambilana, yaye ezona ndawo zininzi zibonwa emantla. Uphando olufanayo lubonise ukuba inani lenyathi eSerengeti linokuba malunga nama-50,000 abantu.

Iindlulamthi zifumaneka kuwo wonke amaplanga, kodwa unokuzibona zihambahamba zinqumla amathafa ukuya kwiintaba zeGol kunye nemimandla yehlathi yaseNdutu. Iimbabala zihlala kwimilambo emikhulu enengca. I-Bahor reedbuck inokufunyanwa ecaleni kwemilambo. Zisasazeke kumathafa anengca ende ngexesha lemvula kodwa zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku. IiWarthog zixhaphakile kodwa zinqabile kwiindawo ezinamahlathi kwaye zimbalwa emathafeni. I-Oribi ixhaphake kakhulu emntla-ntshona, kwaye abambalwa bafunyanwa kumntla-mpuma kufutshane neKlein's Camp. Iiduiker ezingwevu zikwafumaneka kumntla ntshona nezimbalwa kwiinduli kwenye indawo. Inyamakazi enkulu iRoan ivela kwiindawo ezimbini, kumntla-ntshona (Ikorongo, Lamai kunye neMara Triangle eKenya), kwaye emazantsi kufuphi neMaswa. Umzantsi weMaswa nawo ugcina iqhude elikhulu.

Izilwanyana zasendle kumahlathi emilambo
Ukuba usehlathini lomlambo, gcina engqondweni ukujonga phezulu naphantsi. Ukwahlukahlukana nobuninzi bezinambuzane nezityalo kwenza ihlathi libe yindawo entle yokubona izilwanyana neentaka. Kukho izinambuzane kunye nabatya imbewu njenge-banded mongoose, i-shrews kunye ne-marsh mongoose enkulu. Abatya izityalo ezifana ne-duiker kunye ne-bushbuck bazimele kuqweqwe olungqindilili. Kwicanopy engentla, unokubona ihyrax yomthi enokuthi ibonakale njengeempuku ezinkulu; enyanisweni, zihlobene ngokusondeleyo neendlovu! Iinkawu ezimnyama namhlophe zingabonwa kwihlathi eligudle umlambo iGrumeti. Sifumana zombini iimfene zomnquma kunye neenkawu kwithafa lemithi elikufuphi namanzi, kwaye iimfene zininzi kakhulu ecaleni kwepaseji esentshona.

Kwimilambo ngokwayo, egutyungelwe yimithi yehlathi, kuphumle iingwenya ezinkulu zomlambo iGrumeti neMara. Iimvubu zichitha iintsuku zintywila emlanjeni okanye kumachibi azo aluhlaza kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka elomileyo. Ezi ntlobo zimbini zihlala ngaphandle kwengxaki kumadama avalelweyo afanayo.

Amarhamncwa aseSerengeti
Kwiinyamakazi ezinkulu, iingwenkala, iingcuka kunye neengonyama zifumaneka phantse kuzo zonke iindawo ezihlala eSerengeti. IPaka yeSizwe yaseSerengeti ayifane iphoxe xa ibandakanya iikati ezinkulu. Icala laseTanzania leSerengeti ecosystem lixhasa malunga nama-3000 ukuya kuma-4000 abantu beengonyama, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ngabona bantu baninzi bashiyekileyo eAfrika, kwaye amakhulukhulu eengonyama ezihlala emathafeni ajikeleze iSeronera, kunye neSimba, Moru kunye neGol koppies kufutshane nendlela enkulu yaseNgorongoro. Apha, akuqhelekanga ukubona amabhongo amabini okanye amathathu ngexesha lokuqhutywa komdlalo omnye. Sisoloko sibona iingonyama zithe ngcu engceni okanye zithe ngcu ematyeni, nangona amabhongo amaninzi eSerengeti exhaphaka ngakumbi emithini ngeentsuku ezitshisayo.

Amanani amahlosi awaziwa, ngenxa yokufihlakala kwawo nokungafumaneki kwawo. Nangona kunjalo, ziqhelekile kwiSerengeti kwaye zihlala zibonwa kwiNtlambo yaseSeronera. Uqikelelo lweengwe lumi malunga ne-1000 yabantu. Iingwenkala zisoloko zibonwa ngokunjalo: abantu bale paki baqikelelwa kuma-500 ukuya kuma-600 abantu abaxineneyo kwindawo enengca engqonge iSeronera nasempuma ukuya ngaseNdutu.

Kwamanye amarhamncwa anokubonwa eSerengeti National Park, iingcuka ezinamachokoza zixhaphake kakhulu, mhlawumbi ngakumbi kuneengonyama. I-Hyena yenza amaqela amakhulu kwiindawo ezivulekileyo njengamathafa, kodwa zihlala zodwa kwiindawo ezininzi zehlathi. Oodyakalashe abagolide kunye neempungutye ezinendlebe yelulwane zibonakala zezona ntlobo zininzi zamathafa angqonge iSeronera, ngelixa oodyakalashe abanomqolo omnyama bexhaphakile kwizityalo ezishinyeneyo ezisingise eLobo.

Ukuqhuba ngorhatya okanye ngofifi, unethuba elilungileyo

UHAMBE NINI

Ixesha elomileyo (ngoJuni ukuya ku-Oktobha) lixesha elifanelekileyo le-safari yebhaluni eshushu eSerengeti. Ngexesha leemvula zikaMatshi, ngo-Epreli, noMeyi, ezinye iinkampani ziya kunika iindwendwe, nangona i-flight yangempela iya kuxhomekeka kwiimeko zemozulu - ukuba kunemvula kakhulu okanye kunomoya, indiza iya kucinywa kwaye intlawulo yakho iya kubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo. . Ukuba usenexesha elaneleyo leholide yakho, inqwelomoya inokuphinda imiselwe olunye usuku. Ngombulelo, ixesha lonyaka elomileyo likwalelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokungqina ukuFuduka okuKhulu, ukudada ngokuthe cwaka ngaphezulu kwalo mboniso umangalisayo kuthetha ukuba ukonwabele ubomi bonke.

NTONI UMA UPHAKWE

Zisa iibinotyhulasi zakho kunye nekhamera ye-DSLR, ukuze babambe ezo mbonakalo zibalaseleyo zingezantsi ukuze kungabikho mazwi anokwenza ubulungisa kuzo. Uyakufuna ukunxiba iimpahla ezitofotofo kwaye uzisongele kwimigangatho embalwa eyongezelelweyo njengoko ihlala ibanda ngaphambi nangexesha lokuhamba, nangona ifudumala kamva.

OKO KUFANELE UVULE

Ukulandwa kusesekuseni ngentsimbi ye-5/5.30 AM kwaye unokuthatha ikofu kunye nesidlo sakusasa esilula phambi kokuba uhambe kwindawo yakho yokulala. Endleleni yakho yokuya kwindawo yokuphehlelelwa, unokubona izilwanyana zasebusuku obungekhe udibane nazo nangaliphi na elinye ixesha losuku.

Kukho isishwankathelo sokhuseleko saphambi kokuqaliswa esivela kumqhubi wenqwelo-moya ngelixa ibhaluni inyuswa. Ixesha lokubhabha limalunga neyure enye kwaye ibhaluni inokunyuka iye kwi-1 ft iveza ubuhle obukhulu kunye nepanorama emangalisayo yeSerengeti engezantsi. Umqhubi wenqwelomoya unokulawula ngokuchanekileyo umphakamo webhaluni yakho, ngamanye amaxesha ebhabha kumphakamo womthi ukuze ukwazi ukubona izilwanyana kwindawo ezikufutshane.

Xa ufika, uya kwamkelwa nge-champagne yolwamkelo lokuthotywa "maisha marefu", okuguqulela "kubomi obude". Emva koko isidlo sakusasa sasehlathini esimnandi kumbindi weSerengeti silindile, sigqibezela oko kuqinisekileyo ukuba lelinye lawona mava achulumancisayo.

Ngaba ibhaluni yomoya oshushu isafa eSerengeti ifanelekile? Ngokuqinisekileyo! Ngoko, ulindele ntoni? Qhagamshelana nathi namhlanje kwaye uqinisekise ukuba unethuba lokungqina ubungangamsha beAfrika ukusuka kwesona sihlalo sibalaseleyo endlwini!

 Izilwanyana zasendle kwiPaki yeSizwe yaseSerengeti

I-Serengeti ayililo nje ikhaya leMfuduko eNkulu kunye neBig Five kodwa ibamba intaphane yeentlobo zezilwanyana zasendle ezimangalisayo.

Sikhuthaza wonke umntu otyelela iSerengeti National Park ukuba ajonge ngaphaya kweBig Five. I-Serengeti ibonelela kakhulu malunga neentlobo zezilwanyana kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuqonda ukuba lo mmandla uhluke kangakanani. Ngezantsi siye sachaza ezinye zeembalasane.

Abaxhasi

Izirhubuluzi, iiAmphibians kunye neentlanzi

Intshutshana

uphenyo

Izilwanyana zasendle emathafeni

I-Serengeti ayigcini nje ngokuba yimihlambi emikhulu yezilwanyana ezifudukayo kodwa kunye nezona ziqwenga ezinkulu zehlabathi. Uqikelelo lubeka iinqu phakathi kwe-1.3 kunye ne-1.7 yezigidi, iqwarhashe liphakathi kwama-200,000 kunye nebhadi likaThomson kunye neGrant malunga nama-500,000. Le mihlambi ixhasa malunga nama-7,500 eengcuka, ukuya kutsho kuma-4,000 eengonyama kunye nama-500 ukuya kuma-600 engwenkala.

Umgama ongapheliyo abafuduki baquka iinqu, iqwarhashe, ibhadi likaThompson kunye ne-eland. Ngokunjalo, ibhadi likaGrant nalo lihamba umgama othile, nangona kuncinci okwaziwayo malunga nalapho aya khona. Abafuduki baxhaswa ngamathafa kwixesha leemvula, kodwa bambalwa kuphela abakwaGrants kunye neenciniba zikaThompson ezihlala apho kwixesha lonyaka elomileyo. IiOryx zenzeka kumathafa eSalai, kodwa zinqabile kwaye amanani azo awaziwa.

Izilwanyana zasendle emahlathini

Iindawo zokuhlala zineentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana. IiTopi zifumaneka kuwo wonke amaplanga, kodwa zenza imihlambi emikhulu kumathafa amanzi epaseji yaseNtshona kunye nommandla weSerengeti Mara kwaye azikho empuma. Ngokwahlukileyo kwisihlobo sabo esisondeleyo, i-kongoni, ikhetha iindawo zehlathi zasempuma kunye namathafa engca ende. I-Impala, i-steinbuck, i-dik dik, indlovu kunye nenyathi ziyasebenza kuyo yonke imimandla yehlathi kwaye ziwaphepha amathafa. Ekuqaleni kwewaka leminyaka, iindlovu zazinqabile eSerengeti, kodwa uphando lwasemoyeni olwenziwa ngo-2014 lwabala abantu abangaphezu kwama-8,000 kwi-ecosystem ye-Serengeti-Mara, xa kuthelekiswa ne-1986 emalunga nama-2,000. Eminye imithombo ithi olu lwando lubangelwa yintshutshiso engakumbi ngaphandle kwemimandla ekhuselweyo, kodwa enoba siyintoni na isizathu, iindlovu zixhaphake ngakumbi kunokuba zazinjalo kwiminyaka elishumi ngaphambilana, yaye ezona ndawo zininzi zibonwa emantla. Uvavanyo olufanayo lubonise ukuba inani lenyathi eSerengeti linokuba malunga nama-50,000 abantu.

Iindlulamthi zifumaneka kuwo wonke amaplanga, kodwa unokuzibona zihambahamba zinqumla amathafa ukuya kwiintaba zeGol kunye nemimandla yehlathi yaseNdutu. Iimbabala zihlala kwimilambo emikhulu enengca. I-Bahor reedbuck inokufunyanwa ecaleni kwemilambo. Zisasazeke kumathafa anengca ende ngexesha lemvula kodwa zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku. IiWarthog zixhaphakile kodwa zinqabile kwiindawo ezinamahlathi kwaye zimbalwa emathafeni. I-Oribi ixhaphake kakhulu emntla-ntshona, kwaye abambalwa bafunyanwa kumntla-mpuma kufutshane neKlein's Camp. Iiduiker ezingwevu zikwafumaneka kumntla ntshona nezimbalwa kwiinduli kwenye indawo. Inyamakazi enkulu iRoan ivela kwiindawo ezimbini, kumntla-ntshona (Ikorongo, Lamai kunye neMara Triangle eKenya), kwaye emazantsi kufuphi neMaswa. Umzantsi weMaswa nawo ugcina iqhude elikhulu.

Izilwanyana zasendle kumahlathi emilambo

Ukuba usehlathini lomlambo, gcina engqondweni ukujonga phezulu naphantsi. Ukwahlukahlukana nobuninzi bezinambuzane nezityalo kwenza ihlathi libe yindawo entle yokubona izilwanyana neentaka. Kukho izinambuzane kunye nabatya imbewu njenge-banded mongoose, i-shrews kunye ne-marsh mongoose enkulu. Abatya izityalo ezifana ne-duiker kunye ne-bushbuck bazimele kuqweqwe olungqindilili. Kwicanopy engentla, unokubona ihyrax yomthi enokuthi ibonakale njengeempuku ezinkulu; enyanisweni, zihlobene ngokusondeleyo neendlovu! Iinkawu ezimnyama namhlophe zingabonwa kwihlathi eligudle umlambo iGrumeti. Sifumana zombini iimfene zomnquma kunye neenkawu kwithafa lemithi elikufuphi namanzi, kwaye iimfene zininzi kakhulu ecaleni kwepaseji esentshona.

Kwimilambo ngokwayo, egutyungelwe yimithi yehlathi, kuphumle iingwenya ezinkulu zomlambo iGrumeti neMara. Iimvubu zichitha iintsuku zintywila emlanjeni okanye kumachibi azo aluhlaza kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka elomileyo. Ezi ntlobo zimbini zihlala ngaphandle kwengxaki kumadama avalelweyo afanayo.

Amarhamncwa aseSerengeti

Kwiinyamakazi ezinkulu, iingwenkala, iingcuka kunye neengonyama zifumaneka phantse kuzo zonke iindawo ezihlala eSerengeti. IPaka yeSizwe yaseSerengeti ayifane iphoxe xa ibandakanya iikati ezinkulu. Icala laseTanzania leSerengeti ecosystem lixhasa malunga nama-3000 ukuya kuma-4000 abantu beengonyama, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ngabona bantu baninzi bashiyekileyo eAfrika, kwaye amakhulukhulu eengonyama ezihlala emathafeni ajikeleze iSeronera, kunye neSimba, Moru kunye neGol koppies kufutshane nendlela enkulu yaseNgorongoro. . Apha, akuqhelekanga ukubona amabhongo amabini okanye amathathu ngexesha lokuqhutywa komdlalo omnye. Sisoloko sibona iingonyama zithe ngcu engceni okanye zithe ngcu ematyeni, nangona amabhongo amaninzi eSerengeti exhaphaka ngakumbi emithini ngeentsuku ezitshisayo.

Amanani amahlosi awaziwa, ngenxa yokufihlakala kwawo nokungafumaneki kwawo. Nangona kunjalo, ziqhelekile kwiSerengeti kwaye zihlala zibonwa kwiNtlambo yaseSeronera. Uqikelelo lweengwe lumi malunga ne-1000 yabantu. Iingwenkala zisoloko zibonwa ngokunjalo: abantu bale paki baqikelelwa kuma-500 ukuya kuma-600 abantu abaxineneyo kwindawo enengca engqonge iSeronera nasempuma ukuya ngaseNdutu.

Kwamanye amarhamncwa anokubonwa eSerengeti National Park, iingcuka ezinamachokoza zixhaphake kakhulu, mhlawumbi ngakumbi kuneengonyama. I-Hyena yenza amaqela amakhulu kwiindawo ezivulekileyo njengamathafa, kodwa zihlala zodwa kwiindawo ezininzi zehlathi. Oodyakalashe abagolide kunye neempungutye ezinendlebe yelulwane zibonakala zezona ntlobo zininzi zamathafa angqonge iSeronera, ngelixa oodyakalashe abanomqolo omnyama bexhaphakile kwizityalo ezishinyeneyo ezisingise eLobo.

Ukuqhuba ngorhatya okanye ngofifi, unethuba elihle lokubona amarhamncwa asebusuku anje ngeecivets, iikati zasendle zaseAfrika, kunye neserval. Ukunqaba okwenyani phakathi kwamarhamncwa yinja yasendle yaseAfrika (okanye inja epeyintiweyo), eyayixhaphakile de kwaba ngoo-1970; kodwa ngelishwa, isifo satshabalalisa bonke abemi bepaki ngo-1992. Ngethamsanqa, izinja zasendle zihamba kakhulu kunye nezilwanyana ezijikelezayo, amanye amaqela ahambahambayo aye abonwa kumathafa asempuma kwaye kwiminyaka yakutshanje abantu bezinja zasendle baye basekwa kwakhona. kumntla-mpuma wepaki eLoliondo. Ezinye iintshayelelo ezininzi ezisuka kwezinye iindawo eTanzania ziye zenzeka, yaye inani lezinja zasendle zaseSerengeti liqikelelwa ukuba lifikelela kubantu abangama-250.

Izirhubuluzi, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini kunye neentlanzi

IPaka yeSizwe yaseSerengeti iqulethe iindidi ezininzi kunye nenani lezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo nezirhubuluzayo. Uninzi lwala macilikishe, amaxolo, neenyoka zitya izinambuzane neempuku ezininzi engceni ngoxa ezinye zisebenza ngamaqanda eentaka. IiPython zinokuqwenga nezilwanyana ezinkulu njengebhadi. Abanye abarhubuluzi bazizilwanyana ezitya utyani ngokwazo, njengofudo lwengwe. Asingabo bonke abarhubuluzi abancinci: icilikishe eligadayo lihlala ezingcongolo nasemahlathini kwaye linokukhula libe yi-1.5 yeemitha ubude. Inkosi yazo zonke izirhubuluzi, ezingaphezulu kweekhilogram ezingama-800 kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zingaphezu kweemitha ezintlanu ubude, yingwenya enkulu yasemanzini acwengileyo yaseSerengeti. Ezi zidalwa zamandulo zinokuphila ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka yaye ziya kunandipha isidlo sangokuhlwa ngolonwabo inqu.

Iintlanzi eziseSerengeti National Park ziqhelaniswe ukuhlala kwiimeko ezinodaka oluphantsi lweoksijini kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziphila ngaphandle kwamanzi ngokupheleleyo. Isici esiluncedo ngexesha elomileyo. Intlanzi yaseMara neGrumeti Rivers maxa wambi izitsalela eludakeni ukusuka echibini ukuya kwelinye kwaye inobunzima obuziikhilogram ezingama-20. Abanye, njenge<em>lungfish, bazingcwabe ngokupheleleyo kwixesha lonyaka elibaleleyo, bahlala kwiqokobhe ngaphantsi kodaka olomileyo oluqhekekileyo. Ezinye iintlanzi ezincinci ziphila ukusebenzisa ubomi bazo bonke kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngexesha lemvula. Njengoko amadama omile, ayazala aze abeke amaqanda awo eludakeni. Amaqanda aphila ngendlela engummangaliso kwimimoya eshushu eyomileyo ka-Agasti nangoSeptemba, eqandusela kwisizukulwana esilandelayo xa kunetha kwakhona imvula ngoDisemba.

Uhlolisiso lwamasele luye lwafumanisa iindidi ezingama-20 ezahlukahlukeneyo, uninzi lwazo oluhlala emithini nasemathafeni nasemachibini nakwimingxuma yamanzi. Izandi zasebusuku zexesha lokumanzisa zizaliswe kukuntyiloza kwamasele ngenjongo yokuzenza zivakale ngentla kwe-symphony yangasemva yeeqakamba kunye neecicadas. Le yingxolo yamatyholo aseAfrika ngexesha leemvula.

Intshutshana

Into yokuqala abakhenkethi abaninzi baseSerengeti National Park abayibonayo linani eliphantsi lezinambuzane. Nangona amanani ezinambuzane ezihlabayo ephantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa noMntla Melika okanye eYurophu, ukuhlukahluka kwezinambuzane kuphezulu kakhulu. Ukwahlukahlukana kwezinambuzane kuxhaphakile eSerengeti National Park ukususela kwiimbovane, ooqongqothwane, ooqongqothwane, neentubi ezisehlathini, ukusa kumafu eempukane, oonomeva neenyosi, ukusa kumabhabhathane anomsila wenkonjane obhabhayo nooqongqothwane abakhulu. Amahlanu kwawona maqela axhaphakileyo ezinambuzane nalawo abalulekileyo kwizinto eziphilayo kule paki ziinkubabulongo, iintethe, iintubi, amabhabhathane neembovane.

Ubulongwe

Ooqongqothwane lelona qela lezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo kwaye liphumelele kwiPlanethi yoMhlaba, kunye neentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-400,000 (!) ezaziwayo. ESerengeti zingaphezu kwe-100 iindidi zeenkuba-bulongo ezichongwayo kwindawo nje encinane yaloo mathafa. Nganye kwezi ntlobo zenziwa ngokukhethekileyo kudidi lobulongwe olwahlukileyo ngamaxesha onyaka ahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle kweenkuba-bulongo, iSerengeti ibingayi kuhlala abantu. Ezi zidalwa zimangalisayo ziyaqengqeleka kwaye zingcwabe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-75 pesenti yabo bonke ubulongwe obuwe eSerengeti, obulingana namakhulu eetoni ngosuku. Iibhola zabo zobulongwe ezenziwe ngocoselelo ziyangcwatywa kwaye zibe likhaya leembungu zebhungane ezitya izondlo ezishiyekileyo ngaphakathi, zishiye ngasemva ibhola yomhlaba. Xa abaphandi bomhlaba begrumba imingxuma kumathafa aseSerengeti, i-15 ukuya kwi-20% yomhlaba yayiquka iibhola zobulongwe. Ubuninzi bobulongwe nomhlaba oshukunyiswa ziinkuba-bulongo zinceda ekuchumiseni nasekukhululeni umhlaba kwaye kudlala indima enkulu ekugcineni imveliso yendalo iphela yaseSerengeti.

Iinkumbi

Iintethe liqela elahlukeneyo lezinambuzane. Ubume bomzimba kunye nombala wabo utshintsha njengoko zikhula, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zibe ngumngeni ukuzichonga. Nangona besitya ingca eluhlaza entsha, abanye batya iintyatyambo, kunye nembewu kwaye abanye badla ngokutya ezinye iintethe kunye nezinambuzane ezincinci. Uqikelelo olubalelwa kumlinganiselo wabemi lubonisa ukuba ngamaxesha athile onyaka, iintethe zitya ingca eninzi kunalo naliphi na elinye iqela lezilwanyana eSerengeti National Park, kuquka zonke iinqu. Ukwahluka kweentethe eSerengeti kuphezulu kakhulu, abaphandi bachonge iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-60 kwiindawo ezimbalwa zokuqokelela. Emva kweemvula zamaxesha onyaka, amanani eentethe ayakhula aze atsalele imihlambi yeentaka ezifudukayo ziye eSerengeti zisitya kuzo.

Iitimu

Iintubi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni izondlo kwiSerengeti. Uninzi lweentlobo zeentubi zizilwanyana zasebusuku, zivuna iinkuni ezifileyo nengca. Basebenzisa izityalo ezifileyo ukuxhasa iifom zokungunda kumagumbi angaphantsi komhlaba abazilimayo kwaye bazitye. Umhlaba osetyenziselwa ukwakha la magumbi uxutywe namathe kwaye usetyenziselwa ukwakha iinduli zawo ezikhethekileyo. Ezinye iziduli zeentubi zifikelela kwiimitha ezi-3 ukuphakama kunye neetshimini ezinjenge-turret. Imigodi yeentaba ibonelela ngamakhaya eentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana, ezinjengeenyoka, imongoose kunye neempuku. Iingwenkala, iingonyama neenqu zidla ngokuma phezu kweenduli zeentubi zihlola loo ndawo. Kumathafa athe tyaba, kwanokuphakama nje kwemitha enye kunika umbono ochukumisayo yaye kuyifanele ngokwenene ingxaki yokufumana ukutya.

Iibhabhathane kunye namanundu

Ebhabha ezantsi engceni okanye ephaphazela ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye kumahlathi ashinyeneyo, amabhabhathane atya incindi evela kwiintyatyambo, ngaloo ndlela ephumeza umsebenzi wawo wokuhambisa ipoleni. Iqela elikhulu lezilwanyana litya amabhabhathane namanundu, yaye ngenxa yoko, liye lavelisa amaqhinga achukumisayo okunxamnye nokutyiwa. Oku kuquka imibala efihlakeleyo, ukuzimela, ukubonwa kwerada, iinwele ezinetyhefu, kunye neepateni ezinkulu 'zeliso' kumaphiko azo ukuze zoyikise amarhamncwa.

Izilwanyana

Iimbovane ezibomvu ezilumayo zezona imbovane ziphawuleka kakhulu kwiSerengeti National Park. Iimbovane ezibomvu ezilumayo zihlala kumathanga amakhulu. Ngokungafaniyo nenkoliso yeembovane, azinakhaya lisisigxina. Ezi imbovane zincamela ukuzifihla kwiziqu zemithi okanye kwimingxuma engaphantsi komhlaba emini, kodwa ebusuku ziba zizilwanyana ezizingelayo. Imikhosi emikhulu yeembovane iyaziwa ngokutyhala iingonyama ukuba ibulale, iqwenge okuseleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo zihamba ngokulula kwiithagethi ezifana nezinambuzane, iintaka ezizalela iintaka, iimpuku, amacilikishe kunye noonqinishe. Ebudeni bexesha leemvula, usenokubona oohola beendlela zeimbovane ezibomvu zinqumla indlela kwakusasa njengoko zibuya kwiindawo ezibaleka kuzo ebusuku.

Kutheni iSerengeti inezilwanyana ezininzi kangaka?

I-Serengeti yodwa kuba iyindawo yenguqu. Kukho utshintsho olwahlukileyo ukusuka kumhlaba otyebileyo othe tyaba kumathafa asemazantsi ukuya kwimihlaba ehlwempuzekileyo kakhulu emantla. Ngenxa yethambeka lemvula, umzantsi ufumana imvula encinane kunezinye iindawo. ISerengeti ikwalikhaya leepokotho zamahlathi asele emilanjeni, ngenxa yoko le ndawo yayikhe yagutyungelwa ngamahlathi ashinyeneyo. Xa kudityanisiwe, oku kukhokelela kukwahlukana kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo kunye neendawo zokuhlala kuyo yonke iSerengeti National Park. Yiyo kanye le yantlukwano (kunye nentshukumo yazo) exhasa iindidi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo esizibonayo namhlanje.

Seronera intlambo yomlambo

I-Central Serengeti, ilele embindini wale paki yelizwe ibukekayo, ngowona mmandla udumileyo kulo vimba ngenxa yezilwanyana zasendle ezininzi, inani elikhulu leekati ezinkulu kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba ye-quintessential ye-Serengeti ye-acacia-studded savanna. Izilwanyana zasendle zabahlali zenza le nxalenye yeSerengeti ibe yindawo emnandi unyaka wonke, kodwa iinyanga zika-Epreli ukuya kuJuni no-Okthobha ukuya kuDisemba, xa imihlambi yeMfuduko Enkulu idlula kule ndawo, kuxa ikwincopho yayo.

Intlambo yoMlambo iSeronera, ekummandla osemazantsi kumbindi wale paki, yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo kulo vimba uphela. Eyaziwa ngokuba yiCapital Cat enkulu yaseAfrika, iSeronera isisityebi kwingonyama, ingwe kunye nengwenkala - kwaye abantu bahlala bezibona zontathu ngosuku olunye lokuqhuba umdlalo. Khangela amahlosi angqonge uMlambo iSeronera, elikhaya lelona qela lixineneyo leekati ezinkulu eAfrika, ngelixa iingonyama zisoloko zibonwa kwi-kopjes (iindawo ezinamatye). Amathafa aseSerengeti – isavanna evulekileyo emazantsi oMlambo iSeronera – ngummandla wengwenkala ophambili. Ezinye izilwanyana onokuthi uzibone kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala zemilambo, imigxobhozo, iikopjes kunye namathafa engca ziquka iindlovu, iimvubu kunye neengwenya emilanjeni, iinyathi, iimpala, iitopi, oodyakalashe kunye neempungutye ezinendlebe yelulwane.

Ngelixa unikezelo lwamanzi unyaka wonke oluvela kuMlambo iSeronera luthetha ukuba le ndawo igqwesileyo ekubonweni kwezilwanyana zasendle unyaka wonke, u-Epreli ukuya kuJuni lixesha eliphakamileyo lokujonga iinyamakazi eSeronera, njengoko kulapho amathafa azele zizilwanyana zasendle ezifudukayo. , iqwarhashe nebhadi njengoko zinyukela emantla. Indawo esembindini yeSeronera ithetha ukuba yenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokubona ukuFuduka okuKhulu kusenzeka, njengoko izilwanyana zihamba kule ndawo kangangeenyanga.

Iimbalasane

I-Central Serengeti yindawo emangalisayo yokubona ukuFuduka okuKhulu kusebenza: imihlambi ihamba kweli candelo lepaki ukusuka ngo-Epreli ukuya kuJuni njengoko ihamba emantla, kwaye iphinde ibuyele emazantsi ukusuka ngo-Oktobha ukuya kuDisemba. Ezinye zezona ndawo zibalaseleyo kwi-Central Serengeti ukubona imihlambi ibandakanya i-Seronera Valley kunye ne-Seronera River, i-Moru Kopjes, i-Simba Kopje kunye ne-Maasai Kopjes.

Ukuba ulandela iikati ezinkulu, indawo yaseSeronera kuMbindi weSerengeti lolona bhejo lwakho lungcono: lo mmandla unconywa njengeyona ndawo ilungileyo yokubona amarhamncwa - ngakumbi ingonyama, ingwe kunye nengwenkala - ekuzingeleni okuchulumancisayo.

ISerengeti esembindini izele ziindawo ezininzi eziphuma ematyeni ze granite, ezaziwa njenge kopjes, kulapho kufuneka ujonge khona iingonyama kunye neengwenkala. Kukwakho nezinye iimbalasane zekopje, ezinje ngeSimba Kopje, okanye iSimba Rocks-indawo ekhuthaze iRock yeQhayiya kwifilimu yeDisney ethi The Lion King. Ikhonkco lefilim ayikuphela kwesizathu sokutyelela le mfumba yamatye egranite nangona kunjalo - yindawo entle yokubona iingonyama, ezihlala zilele ematyeni phantsi kwelanga. E-Moru Kopjes, emazantsi oMlambo i-Seronera, ungazama ukukhangela eminye yemikhombe emnyama yokugqibela eseleyo kwindawo yogcino - kunye nokubona imizobo emidala yobugcisa basematyeni. Kukwakho neziko labatyeleli kwiProjekthi yeSerengeti Rhino, apho unokufunda ngomsebenzi obalulekileyo wokulondoloza imikhombe owenziwayo ukukhusela esi silwanyana sisengozini yokuphela. I-Moru Kopjes ikwayenye yeendawo ezimbalwa kakhulu zepaki apho unokwenza uhambo lweentsuku ezininzi.

Ibhaluni yomoya oshushu yinto ekufuneka uyenzile xa undwendwela iSerengeti. Ukudada ngobunono phezu kwamathafa anengca ekukhanyeni kwegolide kokusa, ukubona izilwanyana kwibhaskithi yakho exhonyiweyo ngamava ongasokuze uwalibale. Ukuba uhlala kuMbindi weSerengeti, ungafumana utshintshelo ukuya kunye nokusuka kwiloji yakho okanye inkampu ukuya kwindawo yokuqalisa ibhaluni yomoya oshushu kufutshane neMasai Kopjes. Isidlo sakusasa se-champagne xa ufika emhlabeni yicherry phezu komsebenzi omangalisayo.

Iindawo ezininzi zokulala kunye neenkampu zibonelela ngotyelelo kwilali yamaMasai ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngesizwe esidumileyo sabelusi abangabahambi nabahlala ixesha elide kwindawo ngoku eyiSerengeti kunye neepaki zesizwe zaseMasai Mara. Kwilali yamaMaasai, uya kunikwa amalungu elalini ecula nokudanisa, kunye namagorha angamadoda esenza umdaniso wokutsiba wesintu. Uza kukwazi ukuthenga ubucwebe obuhle kunye nemisebenzi yezandla, eyenza izikhumbuzo ezintle - kwaye zixhase uqoqosho lwasekhaya.

Iingcebiso zokuhamba

Ummandla weSeronera, njengeyona ndawo idumileyo kule paki, unobutyebi beendawo zokulala ezisuka kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ukuya kuthi ga kuluhlu oluphakathi ukuya kuthi ga kubunewunewu bonke, kunye nezinye zeendawo eziphakamileyo zokuphela kwepaki. Abahambi bebhajethi banokumisa inkampu phantsi kweenkwenkwezi kwi-rustic Seronera Campsite, ngelixa abahambi abafuna ukhetho oluphakathi kwinqanaba baya kufumana iindawo zokulala ezifikelelekayo kunye neenkampu - ezininzi zazo zilungele intsapho kwaye zinika uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezinto ezincedo ezifana ne-WiFi. Uchithelwe ukhetho xa kufikwa kwiinkampu zobumnandi: kukho iinkampu ezihambahambayo ezihamba kunye nemihlambi yokuFuduka okuKhulu (kwaye ungakhuphi ubuntofontofo, kunye neebhedi ezifanelekileyo, iishawari ezishushu zamabhakethi kunye nabahlaseli babucala), iindawo zokulala eziyilwe kakuhle ezinabucala. amachibi angenasiphelo kunye nemisebenzi efana neeseshini zokucamngca ezikhokelwayo endle, iipikiniki zasehlathini kunye nokujonga iinkwenkwezi.

Ikomkhulu lepaki likwaseSeronera (kufutshane nesikhululo seenqwelomoya), apho kukho iziko lolwazi lwabatyeleli, ivenkile ye curio kunye nekhefi.

I-Seronera ixakeke kakhulu ngezona nyanga zidumileyo zikaJuni noJulayi kunye no-Okthobha ukuya ku-Epreli kwaye ukubona kunokugcwala. Ukuba ukubaleka izihlwele yeyona nto iphambili kuwe kwaye uhamba kwezi nyanga, cinga ngokubhukisha indawo yakho yokuhlala kwenye indawo yepaki.

I-Seronera ifikeleleka ngendlela yokuhamba ngeeyure ezintandathu ukusuka e-Arusha nase-Mwanza, kodwa eyona ndlela ilula kakhulu yokufikelela kule nxalenye yepaki kukubhabha kwi-airstrip yaseSeronera kwaye uhlale kwindawo yokulala ejongene nabahambi abahamba ngeempukane: ' bazakuza kukuthatha kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya kwaye babonelele ngokuqhutywa kwemidlalo kwizithuthi zabo.

Ezinye zeendawo zokulala kunye neenkampu zibonelela ngohambo olufutshane etyholweni lweeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine kunye nabakhokheli beMaasai, abaya kukufundisa ngezidalwa ezincinci kunye nezityalo oziphosayo kwiimidlalo zokuqhuba. Ukuba ukuhamba yinto ongathanda ukuyifumana, yenza uphando kwiiloji ezibonelela ngalo msebenzi.