Zowona za Serengeti National Park

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Pali malo padziko lapansi omwe alipo modabwitsa. Serengeti ndi imodzi mwa malo amenewa. Ili ndi malo okwana masikweya kilomita 14,763 kumpoto. Tanzania, ndi imodzi mwa malo akale kwambiri, ovuta kwambiri pa zachilengedwe, komanso okhala ndi zinyama zambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa apaulendo ambiri, kuyenda pagalimoto kudutsa zigwa za Serengeti ndi njira imodzi yamphamvu kwambiri yowonera nyama zakuthengo m'miyoyo yawo. Bukuli likufotokoza mfundo zofunika, mbiri yodabwitsa, nyama zakuthengo, ndi chilichonse chomwe muyenera kudziwa musanapiteko.

Kodi Serengeti Imatanthauza Chiyani?

Dzina lakuti Serengeti limachokera ku liwu lachimaasai siringit, lomwe limatanthauza pafupifupi "zigwa zopanda malire." Ndi limodzi mwa mayina oyenera kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Malo osungiramo zinthu zakale a Serengeti, omwe amapitilira malire ovomerezeka a paki ya dzikolo, amakwirira makilomita opitilira 30,000 a savanna, nkhalango, ndi nkhalango zam'mphepete mwa mitsinje, kuyambira ku zigwa zakumpoto kwa Tanzania mpaka ku Masai Mara National Reserve ku Kenya.

Malo osungira nyama ku Serengeti akuphatikizapo Serengeti National Park, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Maswa Game Reserve, Loliondo, Grumeti, ndi Ikorongo Game Controlled Areas, ndi Maasai Mara kudutsa malire ku Kenya.

Kodi Serengeti Ili ndi Zaka Zingati?

Serengeti ndi imodzi mwa malo akale kwambiri komanso ofunika kwambiri pa sayansi padziko lapansi. Amakhulupirira kuti nyengo yake, zinyama, ndi zomera zake sizinasinthe kwenikweni m'zaka miliyoni zapitazi. Kuyenda, kapena kuyendetsa galimoto, kudutsamo kumatipatsa lingaliro lenileni lolowa m'dziko lomwe lidakhalapo kalekale anthu asanafike kudzaliona.

Anthu a mtundu wa Maasai anali kudyetsa ng'ombe zawo m'zigwa za Serengeti kwa zaka pafupifupi 200 asanafike ofufuza oyamba aku Europe. Katswiri wa za malo ku Germany, Dr. Oscar Baumann, anakhala Mzungu woyamba kulemba za derali, ndipo analowa mu 1892. Wofufuza wa ku Britain, Stewart Edward White, anatsatira mu 1913, ndipo analemba mwatsatanetsatane za malo ndi nyama zakuthengo zake.

Malo oyamba osungira nyama anakhazikitsidwa mu 1921, okhala ndi maekala 800 okha. Malo onse osungira nyama adatsatiridwa mu 1929. Malo otetezedwa awa adakhala maziko a Serengeti National Park, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo mu 1951. Mu 1981, idasankhidwa kukhala Malo Osungiramo Zinthu Zachilengedwe a UNESCO, kuzindikira kufunika kwake kwapadera kwa sayansi ndi anthu.

Kusamuka Kwakukulu: Kusamuka Kwakukulu Kwambiri kwa Zinyama Padziko Lonse

Palibe chochitika chachilengedwe chimodzi chomwe chimasiyanitsa Serengeti ndi Kusamuka KwakukuluNdi malo akuluakulu oyendera nyama padziko lapansi, komanso amodzi mwa malo owonetsera nyama zakuthengo zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Chaka chilichonse, nyumbu zoposa 1.7 miliyoni, mbidzi 500,000, ndi nswala 200,000 zimatsata njira yozungulira kudutsa chilengedwe cha Serengeti kufunafuna udzu ndi madzi abwino. Ulendowu umadutsa makilomita pafupifupi 800, kuyambira kum'mwera kwa Serengeti kuzungulira dera la Ndutu ndikusunthira kumpoto kudutsa pakati ndi kumadzulo kwa Serengeti asanawoloke Mtsinje wa Mara kupita ku Masai Mara ku Kenya, kenako kubwerera kum'mwera kachiwiri mvula ikayamba kugwa.

Ulendowu umayamba mozama pafupifupi mwezi wa February, pamene ana a nyumbu okwana theka miliyoni amabadwa m'zigwa zazifupi za udzu ku Ndutu m'masabata ochepa chabe. Pofika mwezi wa March, magulu akuluakulu a nyumbu akuyamba ulendo wopita kumpoto. Malo odutsa mtsinje wa Mara, omwe amachitika pakati pa Julayi ndi Okutobala, mwina ndi nthawi yochititsa chidwi kwambiri yosamuka konse, pamene zikwizikwi za nyumbu zimalowa m'madzi odzaza ndi ng'ona m'madzi odzaza ndi chisokonezo. Pofika mwezi wa January, magulu a nyumbu abwerera kum'mwera, ndipo ulendowu umayambanso.

Nyama zakuthengo pafupifupi 250,000 zimafa pachaka chilichonse, zikagwidwa ndi zilombo zolusa, zikamira m'malo owolokera mitsinje, kapena zikatopa ndi ludzu. Ndi chikumbutso chosaphika komanso chowona mtima cha kukula kwa chilengedwe.

Mu 2013, Kusamuka Kwakukulu kunadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwa Zodabwitsa Zisanu ndi Ziwiri Zachilengedwe za ku Africa, zomwe zinaphatikizana ndi malo ena odziwika bwino monga Phiri la Kilimanjaro, Chigwa cha Ngorongoro, ndi Mtsinje wa Nile. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, zitatu mwa zodabwitsa zisanu ndi ziwiri zachilengedwe zimapezeka ku Tanzania.

Zinyama Zakuthengo za ku Serengeti

Serengeti imathandizira nyama zazikulu zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi mikango yoposa 4,000, akambuku pafupifupi 1,000, ndi akalulu pafupifupi 550, pakiyi imaonedwa kuti ndi malo abwino kwambiri ku East Africa komwe mungayang'anire nyama zolusa kuthengo. Malo otseguka a udzu amatanthauza kuti anthu amaona bwino kwambiri, ndipo makamaka amphaka nthawi zambiri amaoneka akusaka, akudyetsa, kapena akupumula poyang'ana magalimoto oyendetsa nyama.

Pakiyi ili ndi mitundu yoposa 2 miliyoni ya mbalame zosaoneka bwino, kuphatikizapo nyumbu, mbidzi, ndi nswala zomwe zimasamukira kumayiko ena, komanso mitundu yambiri ya njati, giraffe, njovu, mvuu, ndi mitundu yambiri ya nswala kuphatikizapo topi, hartebeest, Grant's gazelle, ndi Thomson's gazelle.

Kale, zipembere zinkapezeka zambiri ku Serengeti koma zinawonongedwa ndi kusaka nyama m'zaka za m'ma 1900. Agalu akuthengo aku Africa, mtundu wina wofooka, amapezeka pang'ono komanso pang'ono. Mitundu ina yonse ya nyama zoyamwitsa zaku Africa zimapezeka kuno m'magulu athanzi komanso owoneka bwino.

Serengeti ndi malo abwino kwambiri owonera mbalame, ndipo ili ndi mitundu yoposa 500 ya mbalame zomwe zalembedwa kuphatikizapo mbalame zolusa monga martial eagle, bateleur, ndi secretary bird, komanso nthiwatiwa, crowned cranes, flamingos pafupi ndi nyanja, ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbalame zazing'ono zokongola.

Kopjes: Serengeti's Rocky Islands

Ma kopjes (omwe amatchulidwa kuti "kopi"), omwe ali m'dera la kum'mwera chapakati la Serengeti, ndi amodzi mwa malo odziwika bwino kwambiri pakiyi. Ma gneiss akale ndi granite amatuluka m'zigwa ngati zilumba za miyala, zomwe zinapangidwa kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri chifukwa cha mphepo ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha. Malo otentha ndi dzuwa, ming'alu yobisala, ndi malo okwera owonera zimapangitsa kopjes kukhala malo abwino opumulirako mikango, akambuku, ndi akadzidzi.

Kopje imodzi yapadera ku Serengeti, yotchedwa Simba Kopje, imakhulupirira kuti ndiyo inayambitsa Pride Rock mu filimu ya Disney ya The Lion King, nkhani yosangalatsa yomwe imasangalatsa alendo achichepere paulendo.

Chidziwitso Chokhudza Kusunga Zinthu Mwadongosolo

Ku Serengeti kukupitilirabe kukukumana ndi mavuto oteteza zachilengedwe. Mu 2010, boma la Tanzania linapereka lingaliro lomanga msewu waukulu wamalonda wa makilomita 53 kudutsa kumpoto kwa pakiyi. Msewuwu, womwe cholinga chake ndi kukonza kulumikizana ndi mayendedwe mdziko lonselo, unatsekedwa bwino ndi makhothi pambuyo poti oteteza zachilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi adatsutsa kwambiri. Komabe, kumanga kwake sikunathetsedwe kwamuyaya, ndipo vutoli likupitilirabe kukhala nkhani yodetsa nkhawa pakati pa omwe akugwira ntchito yoteteza zachilengedwe.

Kuyendera malo mwanzeru, kuphatikizapo kusungitsa malo ndi ogwira ntchito ovomerezeka am'deralo, kusankha malo abwino okhala mkati ndi kunja kwa paki, komanso kulemekeza malamulo a paki paulendo wanu, kumachita gawo lenileni pothandizira tsogolo la nthawi yayitali la Serengeti.

Kodi Nthawi Yabwino Yoyendera Serengeti Ndi Iti?

Serengeti imapereka mphoto kwa alendo nthawi iliyonse pachaka, koma zochitikazo zimasintha kwambiri malinga ndi nyengo.

Nyengo yachilimwe kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala imapereka malo abwino kwambiri owonera nyama. Zomera zimakhala zochepa, nyama zimayang'ana kwambiri madzi, ndipo nyama zolusa zimawona nyama pafupipafupi. Kuwoloka mtsinje wa Mara mu Julayi, Ogasiti, ndi Seputembala ndi zina mwa zinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Nyengo yobiriwira kuyambira Novembala mpaka Meyi imabweretsa malo okongola, nyama zobadwa kumene, komanso mbalame zabwino kwambiri. February ndi imodzi mwa miyezi yosangalatsa kwambiri yoyendera, chifukwa nyengo yobereka ana ku Ndutu imapanga imodzi mwa miyezi yochuluka kwambiri ya nyama zolusa kulikonse ku Africa. Nyengo yobiriwira imaperekanso mitengo yabwino, magalimoto ochepa m'paki, komanso malo okhala okhaokha omwe nyengo yotentha siingafanane nawo.

Pitani ku Serengeti ndi Kiwoito Africa Safaris

Kiwoito Africa Safaris Ili ku Arusha, pachipata cholowera ku Serengeti ndi kumpoto. Gulu la Kiwoito latsogolera anthu ambiri oyenda kudutsa zigwa za Serengeti ndipo limadziwa pakiyi mwanjira yomwe imachokera ku zaka zambiri zomwe mwakhala mukuchita. Kuyambira kusankha nthawi yoyenera yoyendera ndikukuyikani m'malo abwino kwambiri oyendera, mpaka kudziwa komwe magulu osamukira akusamukira komanso komwe mikango idagona usiku watha, alangizi a Kiwoito amasiyanitsa pakati pa ulendo wabwino ndi ulendo wosaiwalika. Lumikizanani nafe kuti muyambe kukonzekera ulendo wanu wa Serengeti.